Bush Mary A, Thorsrud Kyle, Miller Raymond G, Dorion Robert B J, Bush Peter J
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Laboratory for Forensic Odontology Research, School of Dental Medicine, SUNY at Buffalo, B1 Squire Hall, S. Campus, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
J Forensic Sci. 2010 Jan;55(1):71-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01235.x. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
Knowledge of distortional properties of skin is important in bitemark analysis. Thus, the response of skin to stress from bites was investigated. Four sets of models were created from the dentition of one individual. Anterior teeth were systematically removed to vary contact surface area. A biting apparatus was constructed with an integrated load cell. Forty-six bites were created perpendicular to Langer lines on six cadavers. Rate of force application and bite pressure were controlled. Metric/angular measurement and hollow volume overlays were employed. Distortion produced by each dentition was calculated and assessed. Results showed that as teeth impressed loose tissue, mesial/distal distance increased, angles of rotation flattened, and inter-canine distance lengthened. An opposite effect was seen in tight tissue. When the surface area of the dentition was reduced, a mixture of these effects was observed. Conclusions indicated that stiffness of the tissue was the most important variable in bitemark distortion.
了解皮肤的变形特性在咬痕分析中很重要。因此，对皮肤对咬伤压力的反应进行了研究。从一个人的牙列创建了四组模型。系统地拔除前牙以改变接触表面积。构建了一个带有集成测力传感器的咬合力装置。在六具尸体上垂直于朗格线造成46处咬痕。控制了施力速率和咬合力压力。采用了度量/角度测量和中空体积叠加法。计算并评估了每种牙列产生的变形。结果表明，当牙齿压迫疏松组织时，近中/远中距离增加，旋转角度变平，犬齿间距离延长。在致密组织中观察到相反的效果。当牙列的表面积减小时，观察到这些效果的混合。结论表明，组织的硬度是咬痕变形中最重要的变量。
