Inflexxion, Inc., Newton, Massachusetts, USA.
Pain Med. 2010 Jan;11(1):67-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00736.x. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Prescription opioids are the second most misused/abused drug in the United States behind only marijuana. Recreational prescription opioid users appear to prefer some products over others; however, the extent to which attributes of any particular formulation account for such preferences has yet to be determined. The Opioid Attractiveness Technology Scaling was developed to identify the particular features of a prescription opioid that are relevant to its attractiveness for recreational use, and to use these features to model attractiveness for recreational use of particular prescription opioid formulations.
Four hundred and ninety-one self-reported recreational prescription opioid users identified 43 product features as being relevant to determining whether a product is "attractive" or "unattractive" for recreational use. Average ratings were used to determine appropriate weights to be applied to the features. A factor analysis yielded 10, highly differentiated factors. Five hundred and sixty-four prescription opioid abusers were then asked to rate the extent to which the 43 features identified in Study 1 were relevant to specific prescription opioid products they had used.
Respondents provided an overall preference rating of these products and a model was created. A random intercept model yielded a significant pseudo R(2) of 0.14 (chi-square = 310.02, degrees of freedom [df] = 10, P < 0.001). The model fit least well, albeit significantly, for abusers who preferred to swallow the drug (pseudo R(2) = 0.06; chi-square = 55.52, df = 10, P < 0.001) and best for those who preferred to inject (pseudo R(2) = 0.37; chi-square = 199.34, df = 10, P < 0.001).
The relevance of the model is discussed along with possible modifications that might allow prediction of "attractiveness" of "abuse deterrent" formulations that have not yet been marketed.
处方类阿片药物是仅次于大麻的美国第二大被误用/滥用药物。消遣性处方类阿片药物使用者似乎更喜欢某些产品而非其他产品；然而，特定制剂的任何特定特性在多大程度上解释了这种偏好，这一点仍有待确定。开发阿片类药物吸引力技术量表是为了确定与消遣性使用相关的处方类阿片药物的特定特征，并利用这些特征来模拟特定处方类阿片药物制剂的消遣性使用吸引力。
491 名自我报告的消遣性处方类阿片药物使用者确定了 43 种产品特性，这些特性与确定产品是否具有消遣性使用的“吸引力”或“非吸引力”相关。平均评分用于确定要应用于这些特征的适当权重。一项因素分析产生了 10 个高度分化的因素。然后，要求 564 名处方类阿片药物滥用者对研究 1 中确定的 43 种特征中哪些与他们使用过的特定处方类阿片药物产品相关进行评分。
受访者对这些产品进行了总体偏好评分，并建立了一个模型。随机截距模型产生了 0.14 的显著伪 R²（卡方=310.02，自由度[df]=10，P<0.001）。该模型对更喜欢吞服药物的滥用者拟合效果最差（伪 R²=0.06；卡方=55.52，df=10，P<0.001），对更喜欢注射的滥用者拟合效果最好（伪 R²=0.37；卡方=199.34，df=10，P<0.001）。
讨论了该模型的相关性，以及可能的修改方法，这些方法可能允许预测尚未上市的“滥用抑制”制剂的“吸引力”。
