意大利儿科医生关于婴儿免疫接种的知识、态度和实践。
Paediatricians knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding immunizations for infants in Italy.
机构信息
Department of Public, Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, (Italy).
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2009 Dec 14;9:463. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-463.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether paediatricians have appropriate knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding vaccinations for infants in Italy.
METHODS
A random sample of 500 paediatricians received a self-administered anonymous questionnaire covering demographic and professional characteristics; knowledge about the mandatory, recommended, and not indicated vaccinations for infants; attitudes about vaccinations for infants; behaviour regarding current administration or willingness to administer mandatory or recommended vaccinations for infants and immunization education programs of the parents.
RESULTS
Only 42.3% paediatricians knew all recommended vaccinations for infants and this knowledge was significantly higher in females, in those who worked a higher number of hours for week, and in those who use guidelines for immunization practice. Only 10.3% had a very favourable attitude towards the utility of the recommended vaccinations for infants and this was significantly higher in those who administered recommended vaccinations for infants. A large proportion (82.7%) of paediatricians routinely informed the parents about the recommended vaccinations for infants and this appropriate behaviour was significantly higher among younger, in those with a higher number of years in practice, and in those who administered the recommended vaccinations for infants.
CONCLUSION
Training and educational interventions are needed in order to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding vaccinations for infants among paediatricians.
背景
本研究旨在调查意大利儿科医生在婴儿疫苗接种方面的知识、态度和行为是否恰当。
方法
对 500 名儿科医生进行了随机抽样，他们收到了一份自我管理的匿名问卷，涵盖了人口统计学和专业特征；关于婴儿强制性、推荐性和不建议接种疫苗的知识；对婴儿疫苗接种的态度；关于当前为婴儿接种强制性或推荐性疫苗的行为以及父母的免疫接种教育计划。
结果
只有 42.3%的儿科医生了解所有推荐给婴儿的疫苗接种，而女性、每周工作时间更长的医生以及使用免疫接种实践指南的医生，其知识明显更高。只有 10.3%的医生对推荐给婴儿的疫苗接种的效用持非常有利的态度，而那些为婴儿接种推荐疫苗的医生则明显更高。很大一部分（82.7%）儿科医生会定期向家长告知婴儿推荐的疫苗接种情况，这种适当的行为在年轻医生、从业年限较长的医生以及为婴儿接种推荐疫苗的医生中更为常见。
结论
需要进行培训和教育干预，以提高儿科医生在婴儿疫苗接种方面的知识、态度和行为。
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