Terraza Núñez Rebeca, Vargas Lorenzo Ingrid, Rodríguez Arjona Dolors, Lizana Alcazo Tona, Vázquez Navarrete María Luisa
Servei d'Estudis i Prospectives en Polítiques de Salut, Consorci Hospitalari de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Gac Sanit. 2010 Mar-Apr;24(2):115.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2009.10.005. Epub 2009 Dec 8.
To analyze the content of health policies for the immigrant population developed by central and regional governments in Spain.
A descriptive comparative study of central and regional healthcare policies for the immigrant population was conducted in Spain through content analysis. The selected regions were Andalusia, Valencia, Madrid and the Basque Country as these regions have specific policies, distinct proportions of immigrants and policy evaluations. National or regional health and immigration plans with health policies for immigrants were selected. Contents analysis was conducted of the following main dimensions: policy principles and objectives, strategies and results' evaluation. Subsequently, strategies were categorized according to the area of intervention.
Healthcare policies for the immigrant population are mainly included in national and regional immigration plans. The principles of these policies are based on equal rights to healthcare between the immigrant and native-born populations and the objectives aim to achieve this end. National objectives and actions address access to and adaptation of health services, health promotion, health needs assessment, and health personnel training in cultural competences. Regional policies follow the national guidelines but their actions are more specific. Policy evaluations are highly limited.
The content of the health policies, especially national policies, address major issues in meeting immigrants' healthcare needs. However, the absence of assessments, together with persistent problems in the provision of care and inequalities in access, could indicate insufficient implementation and requires careful monitoring.
分析西班牙中央政府和地区政府制定的针对移民人口的卫生政策内容。
通过内容分析法，对西班牙中央和地区针对移民人口的医疗保健政策进行描述性比较研究。所选地区为安达卢西亚、巴伦西亚、马德里和巴斯克地区，因为这些地区有特定政策、不同比例的移民以及政策评估。选取了包含针对移民的卫生政策的国家或地区卫生与移民计划。对以下主要维度进行内容分析：政策原则与目标、策略及结果评估。随后，根据干预领域对策略进行分类。
针对移民人口的医疗保健政策主要包含在国家和地区移民计划中。这些政策的原则基于移民与本地出生人口在医疗保健方面的平等权利，目标旨在实现这一目的。国家目标和行动涉及卫生服务的获取与适应、健康促进、健康需求评估以及卫生人员文化能力培训。地区政策遵循国家指导方针，但其行动更为具体。政策评估非常有限。
卫生政策的内容，尤其是国家政策，解决了满足移民医疗保健需求方面的主要问题。然而，缺乏评估，加上在提供护理方面持续存在的问题以及获取方面的不平等，可能表明实施不足，需要仔细监测。
