Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, 3701 Market St., Suite 219, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Appetite. 2010 Apr;54(2):304-8. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.11.016. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
In a prospective longitudinal study, we examined whether the personality trait of self-control protects against weight gain during the transition from childhood to adolescence. We obtained multi-method, multi-source measures of self-control from a socioeconomically and ethnically diverse sample of 105 fifth-grade students. Height and weight were recorded by the school nurse and used to calculate age- and gender-specific standardized body mass index (BMI) z-scores. Self-controlled fifth graders had lower BMI z-scores in eighth grade compared to their more impulsive peers, and this relationship remained significant when controlling for potential confounds, including gender, age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, IQ, and happiness. Moreover, when controlling for the same covariates, self-control measured in fifth grade predicted decreases in BMI z-scores from fifth to eighth grade. These results suggest that more self-controlled children are protected from weight gain in the transition to adolescence.
在一项前瞻性纵向研究中，我们研究了个性特质中的自我控制是否能预防儿童到青少年过渡期间体重增加。我们从一个社会经济和种族多样化的 105 名五年级学生样本中获得了自我控制的多方法、多来源测量。身高和体重由学校护士记录，并用于计算年龄和性别特异性标准化体重指数（BMI）z 分数。与冲动的同龄人相比，自我控制较好的五年级学生在八年级时 BMI z 分数较低，当控制包括性别、年龄、社会经济地位、种族、智商和幸福感等潜在混杂因素时，这种关系仍然显著。此外，当控制相同的协变量时，五年级时的自我控制测量可以预测从五年级到八年级 BMI z 分数的下降。这些结果表明，自我控制能力更强的儿童在向青春期过渡期间体重增加的风险较低。
