Group Health Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Contraception. 2010 Jan;81(1):35-40. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2009.07.001.
Most of the millions of oral contraceptive (OC) users are under 30 years of age and in the critical period for bone mass accrual.
This cross-sectional study of 606 women aged 14-30 years examined both OC duration and estrogen dose and their association with bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip, spine, and whole body (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry).
Of 389 OC users and 217 nonusers enrolled, 50% were adolescents (14-18 years). Of OC users, 38% used "low-dose" OCs [<30 mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE)]. In adolescents, mean BMD differed by neither OC duration nor EE dose. However, 19- to 30-year-old women's mean BMD was lower with longer OC use for spine and whole body (p=.004 and p=.02, respectively) and lowest for >12 months of low-dose OCs for the hip, spine and whole body (p=.02, .003 and .002, respectively).
Prolonged use of today's OCs, particularly <30 mcg EE, may adversely impact young adult women's bone density while using these agents.
数百万口服避孕药(OC)使用者大多年龄在 30 岁以下,处于骨量积累的关键时期。
这项对 606 名年龄在 14-30 岁的女性进行的横断面研究,同时检查了 OC 的使用时间和雌激素剂量及其与髋部、脊柱和全身(双能 X 射线吸收法)骨密度(BMD)的关系。
在入组的 389 名 OC 使用者和 217 名非使用者中,有 50%为青少年(14-18 岁)。OC 使用者中,有 38%使用“低剂量”OC(<30 mcg 炔雌醇(EE))。在青少年中,OC 使用时间既不影响 BMD,也不影响 EE 剂量。然而,19 至 30 岁女性的脊柱和全身的 BMD 随着 OC 使用时间的延长而降低(分别为 p=.004 和 p=.02),使用>12 个月低剂量 OC 的髋部、脊柱和全身的 BMD 最低(分别为 p=.02、p=.003 和 p=.002)。
目前的 OC 长期使用,特别是<30 mcg EE,可能会对年轻成年女性使用这些药物时的骨密度产生不利影响。