Cholewicki Jacek, Lee Angela S, Peter Reeves N, Morrisette David C
Michigan State University Center for Orthopedic Research, Department of Surgical Specialties, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ingham Regional Orthopedic Hospital, 2727 S. Pennsylvania Avenue, Lansing, MI 48910, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2010 Feb;25(2):110-4. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.10.010. Epub 2009 Dec 9.
Lumbosacral orthoses (LSOs) are class I medical devices that are used in conservative and postoperative management of low back pain. The effectiveness of LSOs depends on their design aimed at enhancing trunk stiffness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare two lumbar supports: extensible (made of neoprene and lycra) and non-extensible (made of polyester and nylon).
Trunk stiffness and damping was estimated from trunk displacement data in response to a quick force release in trunk flexion, extension, and lateral bending. Fourteen male and 6 female subjects performed five trials at each experimental condition: (1) No LSO, (2) extensible LSO, (3) non-extensible LSO, (4) non-extensible LSO with a small rigid front panel, and (5) non-extensible LSO with a large rigid front panel. Testing order was randomized and the LSOs were cinched to a pressure of 70 mmHg (9.4 kPa) measured between posterior aspect of the iliac crest and the orthosis.
The non-extensible LSO reduced trunk displacement by 14% and increased trunk stiffness by 14% (P<0.001). The extensible LSO did not result in any significant change in trunk displacement or stiffness. The addition of rigid front panels to the non-extensible LSO did not improve its effectiveness. The trunk damping did not differ between the LSO conditions.
A non-extensible LSO is more effective in augmenting trunk stiffness and limiting trunk motion following a perturbation than an extensible LSO. The rigid front panels do not provide any additional trunk stiffness most likely due to incongruence created between the body and a brace.
腰骶矫形器（LSO）是一类用于腰痛保守治疗和术后管理的医疗器械。LSO的有效性取决于其旨在增强躯干刚度的设计。因此，本研究的目的是比较两种腰部支撑装置：可伸展的（由氯丁橡胶和莱卡制成）和不可伸展的（由聚酯和尼龙制成）。
根据躯干在屈曲、伸展和侧方弯曲时快速释放力后的位移数据，估算躯干刚度和阻尼。14名男性和6名女性受试者在每种实验条件下进行5次试验：（1）不使用LSO，（2）可伸展LSO，（3）不可伸展LSO，（4）带有小刚性前面板的不可伸展LSO，以及（5）带有大刚性前面板的不可伸展LSO。测试顺序是随机的，LSO系紧至在髂嵴后缘与矫形器之间测得的70 mmHg（9.4 kPa）压力。
不可伸展LSO使躯干位移减少了14%，躯干刚度增加了14%（P<0.001）。可伸展LSO在躯干位移或刚度方面未导致任何显著变化。在不可伸展LSO上添加刚性前面板并未提高其有效性。LSO各条件下的躯干阻尼没有差异。
与可伸展LSO相比，不可伸展LSO在增强躯干刚度和限制扰动后躯干运动方面更有效。刚性前面板很可能由于身体与支具之间产生的不一致而未提供任何额外的躯干刚度。
