U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Jan;20(1):40-52. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.09.008.
This study examines changes between 2003 and 2007 in obesity and overweight prevalence among U.S. children and adolescents 10 to 17 years of age from detailed racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
The 2003 (N=46,707) and 2007 (N=44,101) National Survey of Children's Health were used to calculate overweight and obesity prevalence (body mass index [BMI] > or = 85th and > or = 95th percentiles, respectively). Logistic regression was used to model odds of obesity.
In 2007, 16.4% of U.S. children were obese and 31.6% were overweight. From 2003 to 2007, obesity prevalence increased by 10% for all U.S. children but increased by 23%-33% for children in low-education, low-income, and higher unemployment households. Obesity prevalence increased markedly among Hispanic children and children from single-mother households. In 2007, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, [corrected] and American Indian children had 3.0-3.8 times higher odds of obesity and overweight than Asian children; children from low-income and low-education households had 3.4-4.3 times higher odds of obesity than children from higher socioeconomic households. The magnitude of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity and overweight prevalence increased between 2003 and 2007, with substantial social inequalities persisting even after controlling for behavioral factors.
Social inequalities in obesity and overweight prevalence increased because of more rapid increases in prevalence among children in lower socioeconomic groups.
本研究从详细的种族/民族和社会经济群体角度，考察了 2003 年至 2007 年间美国 10 至 17 岁儿童和青少年肥胖和超重患病率的变化。
使用 2003 年（N=46707）和 2007 年（N=44101）全国儿童健康调查数据计算超重和肥胖患病率（体重指数[BMI]>=第 85 百分位和>=第 95 百分位）。采用 logistic 回归模型分析肥胖的几率。
2007 年，美国 16.4%的儿童肥胖，31.6%超重。从 2003 年到 2007 年，所有美国儿童的肥胖患病率增加了 10%，但在低教育、低收入和高失业率家庭中，儿童肥胖患病率增加了 23%-33%。西班牙裔和单身母亲家庭的儿童肥胖患病率显著增加。2007 年，西班牙裔、非西班牙裔黑人、[更正]和美洲印第安儿童肥胖和超重的几率是亚洲儿童的 3.0-3.8 倍；来自低收入和低教育家庭的儿童肥胖的几率是来自较高社会经济家庭的儿童的 3.4-4.3 倍。2003 年至 2007 年间，肥胖和超重患病率的种族/民族和社会经济差异的幅度增大，即使在控制了行为因素后，仍然存在着巨大的社会不平等。
由于社会经济地位较低的儿童群体中肥胖和超重患病率的快速上升，肥胖和超重患病率的社会不平等现象加剧。
