MRC Centre for Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Feb;91(2):440-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28282. Epub 2009 Dec 9.
The characterization of phytoestrogen intake and cancer risk has been hindered by the absence of accurate dietary phytoestrogen values.
We examined the risk of breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers relative to phytoestrogen intake on the basis of a comprehensive database.
Demographic and anthropometric characteristics, a medical history, and 7-d records of diet were collected prospectively from participants (aged 40-79 y) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk). Five hundred nine food items were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, and (13)C(3)-labeled internal standards were analyzed for isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, glycitein, biochanin A, and formononetin), lignans (secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol), and enterolignans from gut microbial metabolism in animal food sources (equol and enterolactone). From the direct analysis, values for 10,708 foods were calculated. Odds ratios (ORs) for breast (244 cases, 941 controls), colorectal (221 cases, 886 controls), and prostate (204 cases, 812 controls) cancers were calculated relative to phytoestrogen intake.
Phytoestrogen intake was not associated with breast cancer among women or colorectal cancer among men. Among women, colorectal cancer risk was inversely associated with enterolactone (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.74) and total enterolignans (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.79), with a positive trend detected for secoisolariciresinol (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.96, 2.69). A positive trend between enterolignan intake and prostate cancer risk (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.66) was attenuated after adjustment for dairy intake (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.82).
Dietary phytoestrogens may contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer among women and prostate cancer among men.
由于缺乏准确的饮食植物雌激素值，植物雌激素摄入与癌症风险的特征一直受到阻碍。
我们根据一个综合数据库，检查了与植物雌激素摄入相关的乳腺癌、结直肠癌和前列腺癌的风险。
年龄在 40-79 岁的参与者（欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查-诺福克（EPIC-Norfolk））前瞻性地收集人口统计学和人体测量特征、病史和 7 天的饮食记录。通过液相色谱-质谱/质谱法分析了 509 种食物，并用（13）C（3）标记的内标分析了动物食物来源中肠道微生物代谢产生的异黄酮（染料木黄酮、大豆苷元、黄豆苷元、大豆苷元和芒柄花素）、木脂素（开环异落叶松脂醇和开环松脂醇）和肠内酯（依普黄酮和肠内酯）。从直接分析中，计算了 10708 种食物的值。计算了乳腺癌（244 例，941 例对照）、结直肠癌（221 例，886 例对照）和前列腺癌（204 例，812 例对照）与植物雌激素摄入相关的比值比（OR）。
女性植物雌激素摄入与乳腺癌无关，男性植物雌激素摄入与结直肠癌无关。在女性中，结直肠癌风险与肠内酯（OR：0.33；95%CI：0.14，0.74）和总肠内酯（OR：0.32；95%CI：0.13，0.79）呈负相关，开环异落叶松脂醇（OR：1.60；95%CI：0.96，2.69）呈正相关趋势。肠内酯摄入与前列腺癌风险之间的正相关趋势（OR：1.27；95%CI：0.97，1.66）在调整乳制品摄入量（OR：1.19；95%CI：0.77，1.82）后减弱。
饮食植物雌激素可能导致女性结直肠癌和男性前列腺癌的风险增加。
