Cancer Prevention and Control Program/Division of Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
BMC Womens Health. 2011 Sep 23;11:40. doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-11-40.
While there is extensive literature evaluating the impact of phytoestrogen consumption on breast cancer risk, its role on ovarian cancer has received little attention.
We conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate phytoestrogen intake from foods and supplements and epithelial ovarian cancer risk. Cases were identified in six counties in New Jersey through the New Jersey State Cancer Registry. Controls were identified by random digit dialing, CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service) lists, and area sampling. A total of 205 cases and 390 controls were included in analyses. Unconditional logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations with total phytoestrogens, as well as isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, formononetin, and glycitein), lignans (matairesinol, lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol), and coumestrol.
No statistically significant associations were found with any of the phytoestrogens under evaluation. However, there was a suggestion of an inverse association with total phytoestrogen consumption (from foods and supplements), with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.62 (95% CI: 0.38-1.00; p for trend: 0.04) for the highest vs. lowest tertile of consumption, after adjusting for reproductive covariates, age, race, education, BMI, and total energy. Further adjustment for smoking and physical activity attenuated risk estimates (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.41-1.08). There was little evidence of an inverse association for isoflavones, lignans, or coumestrol.
This study provided some suggestion that phytoestrogen consumption may decrease ovarian cancer risk, although results did not reach statistical significance.
尽管有大量文献评估了植物雌激素的摄入对乳腺癌风险的影响，但它对卵巢癌的作用却鲜有研究。
我们进行了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以评估食物和补充剂中的植物雌激素摄入与上皮性卵巢癌风险之间的关系。病例是通过新泽西州癌症登记处从新泽西州的六个县中确定的。对照通过随机数字拨号、CMS（医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心）名单和区域抽样确定。共有 205 例病例和 390 例对照纳入分析。采用非条件逻辑回归分析来检验与总植物雌激素以及异黄酮（大豆苷元、染料木黄酮、芒柄花素和黄豆黄素）、木脂素（马胎素、落叶松脂素、开环异落叶松脂素、和肠内脂）和香豆雌酚之间的关联。
在所评估的植物雌激素中，没有发现与任何一种有统计学意义的关联。然而，总植物雌激素（来自食物和补充剂）的摄入与卵巢癌风险呈负相关趋势，最高与最低三分位摄入相比，比值比（OR）为 0.62（95%CI：0.38-1.00；趋势检验 p 值为 0.04），在调整了生殖相关协变量、年龄、种族、教育程度、BMI 和总能量后。进一步调整吸烟和身体活动后，风险估计值减弱（OR：0.66；95%CI：0.41-1.08）。对于异黄酮、木脂素或香豆雌酚，几乎没有发现与风险呈负相关的证据。
这项研究提供了一些证据表明，植物雌激素的摄入可能降低卵巢癌的风险，尽管结果没有达到统计学意义。
