Centre for Neuroscience in Education, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 8PQ, United Kingdom.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010 Apr;53(2):237-61. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0139). Epub 2009 Dec 14.
To explore the phonological awareness skills of deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) and relationships with vocabulary and reading development.
Forty-three deaf children with implants who were between 5 and 15 years of age were tested; 21 had been implanted at around 2.5 years of age (Early CI group), and 22 had been implanted at around 5 years of age (Late CI group). Two control groups-a deaf hearing aided group (16 children) and a typically developing group of hearing children (19 children)-were also tested. All children received a battery of phonological processing tasks along with measures of reading, vocabulary, and speechreading. Analyses focus on deaf children within the normal IQ range (n = 53).
Age at cochlear implantation had a significant effect on vocabulary and reading outcomes when quotient scores were calculated. Individual differences in age at implant, duration of fit, phonological development, vocabulary development, auditory memory, visual memory, and speech intelligibility were all strongly associated with progress in reading for the deaf implanted children. Patterns differed somewhat depending on whether quotient scores or standard scores were used.
Cochlear implantation is associated with development of the oral language, auditory memory, and phonological awareness skills necessary for developing efficient word recognition skills. There is a benefit of earlier implantation.
探索人工耳蜗植入（CIs）的聋童的语音意识技能，并探讨其与词汇和阅读发展的关系。
对 43 名年龄在 5 至 15 岁之间的植入人工耳蜗的聋童进行了测试；21 名儿童在大约 2.5 岁时植入（早期 CI 组），22 名儿童在大约 5 岁时植入（晚期 CI 组）。还对两组对照组进行了测试——一组是耳聋助听组（16 名儿童）和一组听力正常的儿童对照组（19 名儿童）。所有儿童均接受了一系列语音处理任务的测试，以及阅读、词汇和口语阅读方面的测试。分析主要集中在正常智商范围内的聋童（n = 53）。
当计算商数得分时，植入年龄对词汇和阅读结果有显著影响。植入年龄、适应时间、语音发展、词汇发展、听觉记忆、视觉记忆和言语可懂度等方面的个体差异，均与聋童阅读能力的提高密切相关。使用商数得分或标准得分时，模式会略有不同。
人工耳蜗植入与发展口头语言、听觉记忆和语音意识技能有关，这些技能对于发展高效的单词识别技能是必要的。早期植入有益。
