Medical University of South Carolina, PO Box 1158, Folly Beach, South Carolina 29439, USA.
J Water Health. 2010 Mar;8(1):192-203. doi: 10.2166/wh.2009.040.
The mode of transmission of Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium causing gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, is unknown although waterborne transmission is a likely pathway. This study investigated the hypothesis that access to treated water and a sanitary sewerage system reduces the H. pylori incidence rate, using data from 472 participants in a cohort study that followed children in Juarez, Mexico, and El Paso, Texas, from April 1998, with caretaker interviews and the urea breath test for detecting H. pylori infection at target intervals of six months from birth through 24 months of age. The unadjusted hazard ratio comparing bottled/vending machine water to a municipal water supply was 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50, 1.01) and comparing a municipal sewer connection to a septic tank or cesspool, 0.85 (95% CI: 0.60, 1.20). After adjustment for maternal education and country, the hazard ratios decreased slightly to 0.70 (95% confidence interval: 0.49, 1.00) and 0.77 (95% confidence interval: 0.50, 1.21), respectively. These results provide moderate support for potential waterborne transmission of H. pylori.
尽管水传播可能是一种途径，但导致胃癌和消化性溃疡病的幽门螺杆菌的传播模式仍不清楚。本研究通过对来自墨西哥华雷斯和德克萨斯州埃尔帕索的 472 名儿童进行的队列研究数据进行分析，调查了这样一个假设，即获得处理过的水和卫生下水道系统可降低幽门螺杆菌感染率。该研究从 1998 年 4 月开始，在出生后 6 个月至 24 个月的目标间隔期内，通过看护人访谈和尿素呼气试验来检测幽门螺杆菌感染，对这些儿童进行了跟踪调查。与市政供水相比，瓶装/饮水机水的未调整危险比为 0.71（95%置信区间：0.50，1.01），与市政下水道连接相比，化粪池或污水池的危险比为 0.85（95%置信区间：0.60，1.20）。在调整了母亲的教育程度和国家因素后，危险比略有下降，分别为 0.70（95%置信区间：0.49，1.00）和 0.77（95%置信区间：0.50，1.21）。这些结果为幽门螺杆菌可能通过水传播提供了中等程度的支持。
