女性糖尿病患者的癌症筛查率存在地域差异。

Regional variations in cancer screening rates found in women with diabetes.

机构信息

Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.

出版信息

Nurs Res. 2010 Jan-Feb;59(1):34-41. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3181c3bd07.

DOI:10.1097/NNR.0b013e3181c3bd07

PMID:20010043

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A review of the literature gives conflicting findings regarding gender-specific cancer screening rates found in women with chronic illness.

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to determine if women with diabetes have different patterns of cancer screening than women of the general population, and if so, to identify the determinants of these screening patterns guided by the Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation (PRECEDE) model.

METHODS

The 12 states using the optional women's health module for the 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were downloaded into the STATA software. Contingency tables were used to identify the prevalence of cancer screening in women who self-report that they have diabetes in comparison with women who report being nondiabetic. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between the PRECEDE model determinants and the screening behaviors.

RESULTS

No significant association was found between having a diagnosis of diabetes and having mammography screening rates (F = 1.5, p =.22). However, cervical cancer screening rates were statistically significantly different between the two groups of women (F = 39.01, p <.01). A gap in cervical cancer screening rates was identified among women with diabetes as compared with women without diabetes (78% versus 86%, respectively). Regional exceptions were noted between the 12 states. Ten of the 11 PRECEDE variables demonstrated a significant association with Papanicolaou test screening rates. The states demonstrating inadequate screening rates were the states with the most negative PRECEDE factors.

DISCUSSION

Research has shown that the primary reason women seek cancer screening is when they are encouraged by a healthcare provider. If other care providers are focused on disease management, nurses who provide holistic care can build on the advocacy role inherent in nursing and encourage screening in underserved areas of the country.

摘要

背景

文献回顾发现，患有慢性病的女性的癌症筛查率存在性别差异，但研究结果相互矛盾。

目的

本研究旨在确定患有糖尿病的女性与普通人群女性的癌症筛查模式是否存在差异，如果存在差异，那么根据教育诊断和评估的倾向因素、促成因素和强化因素（PRECEDE）模型，确定这些筛查模式的决定因素。

方法

从使用 2003 年行为风险因素监测系统可选妇女健康模块的 12 个州下载数据到 STATA 软件中。使用列联表比较自我报告患有糖尿病的女性与报告无糖尿病的女性的癌症筛查率。使用逻辑回归分析 PRECEDE 模型决定因素与筛查行为之间的关联。

结果

患有糖尿病的诊断与乳房 X 光检查筛查率之间没有显著关联（F = 1.5，p =.22）。然而，两组女性的宫颈癌筛查率存在统计学差异（F = 39.01，p <.01）。与无糖尿病的女性相比，患有糖尿病的女性的宫颈癌筛查率存在差距（分别为 78%和 86%）。12 个州之间存在区域差异。11 个 PRECEDE 变量中的 10 个与巴氏试验筛查率显著相关。筛查率不足的州具有最负面的 PRECEDE 因素。