Kayhan Arda, Fan Xiaobing, Oto Aytekin
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Apr;20(2):105-12. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0b013e3181c0e2fa.
Prostate cancer remains a major health concern for the male population. During the past decade, a dramatic increase in prostate-specific antigen and transurethral resection of the prostate has resulted in increased detection rate of small lesions and increased incidence of this disease. Needle biopsies in asymptomatic men have also contributed to the increased incidence of prostate cancer, leading to an increasing incidence-to-mortality ratio. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice in prostate cancer patients with increased prostate-specific antigen levels before or after prostate cancer diagnosis confirmed by biopsy and T2-weighted imaging (T2W) has been used as a standard technique in detection. During the last decade, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has emerged as one of the main techniques used in multiparametric MRI of the prostate gland in cancer patients. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has been routinely used for detection and diagnosis of the tumor, for staging and monitoring the therapeutic response, as well as for guiding targeted biopsies in patients with suspected prostate cancer or with a negative biopsy result. In this article, we are going to review the analysis techniques of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and its various clinical applications in prostate cancer patients.
前列腺癌仍然是男性人群主要的健康问题。在过去十年中，前列腺特异性抗原检测和经尿道前列腺切除术的显著增加，导致小病灶的检出率上升，该疾病的发病率也随之增加。对无症状男性进行的穿刺活检也促使前列腺癌发病率上升，导致发病率与死亡率之比不断增加。磁共振成像（MRI）是前列腺特异性抗原水平在活检确诊前列腺癌之前或之后升高的前列腺癌患者的首选检查方式，而T2加权成像（T2W）已被用作检测的标准技术。在过去十年中，动态对比增强MRI已成为癌症患者前列腺多参数MRI的主要技术之一。动态对比增强MRI已常规用于肿瘤的检测和诊断、分期以及监测治疗反应，还用于指导疑似前列腺癌或活检结果为阴性的患者进行靶向活检。在本文中，我们将回顾动态对比增强MRI的分析技术及其在前列腺癌患者中的各种临床应用。
