Bernardi Julia Laura Delbue, Jordão Regina Esteves, Barros Filho Antônio de Azevedo
Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2009 Jul;127(4):198-205. doi: 10.1590/s1516-31802009000400004.
Increasing obesity is starting to occur among Brazilians. The aim of this study was to investigate the weight and length of children under two years of age in relation to sociodemographic variables and according to whether they were breastfed.
Cross-sectional randomized study conducted in 2004-2005, based on the declaration of live births (SINASC) in Campinas, Brazil.
2,857 mothers of newborns were interviewed and answered a questionnaire seeking socioeconomic and breastfeeding information. The newborns' weights and lengths were measured at the end of the interviews and the body mass index was calculated. Percentiles (< 15 and > 85) and Z-scores (< -1 and > +1) were used for classification based on the new growth charts recommended by WHO (2006). The log-rank test, multiple linear regression and binomial test (Z) were used. The statistical significance level used was 5%.
The predominant social level was class C. The median for exclusive breastfeeding was 90 days; 61.25% of the children were between P15 and P85 for body mass index and 61.12% for length, respectively. Children whose mothers studied for nine to eleven years and children whose mothers were unemployed presented lower weight. Children whose mothers worked in health-related professions presented lower length when correlated with breastfeeding.
The breastfeeding, maternal schooling and maternal occupation levels had an influence on nutrition status and indicated that obesity is occurring in early childhood among the infants living in the municipality.
巴西人群中肥胖现象日益增多。本研究旨在调查两岁以下儿童的体重和身高与社会人口统计学变量之间的关系，以及是否进行母乳喂养对其的影响。
2004 - 2005年进行的横断面随机研究，基于巴西坎皮纳斯市的活产申报系统（SINASC）。
对2857名新生儿母亲进行访谈，并回答一份关于社会经济和母乳喂养信息的问卷。在访谈结束时测量新生儿的体重和身高，并计算体重指数。根据世界卫生组织（2006年）推荐的新生长图表，使用百分位数（<15和>85）和Z分数（< -1和> +1）进行分类。采用对数秩检验、多元线性回归和二项式检验（Z）。使用的统计显著性水平为5%。
主要社会阶层为C类。纯母乳喂养的中位数为90天；61.25%的儿童体重指数处于P15至P85之间，61.12%的儿童身高处于该区间。母亲受教育9至11年的儿童以及母亲失业的儿童体重较低。与母乳喂养相关时，母亲从事与健康相关职业的儿童身高较低。
母乳喂养、母亲受教育程度和母亲职业水平对营养状况有影响，表明该市婴儿在幼儿期就出现了肥胖现象。
