Lancaster University, UK.
Adicciones. 2009;21(4):363-86.
Early Club Studies emphasised the inclusiveness of club cultures and the PLUR ethos of 'peace, love, unity and respect' alongside a polarised characterisation of nightlife contexts, as either commercial, alcohol-oriented nightclubs offering 'mainstream' pop music, or 'authentic'/'alternative' underground dance clubs associated with widespread illicit drug use. This paper adds to the growing body of research problematising these simplistic characterisations of club cultures and leisure venues across the night-time economy, emphasising elements of fragmentation and segregation alongside the continued importance of social structure and resultant social and spatial exclusion. The authors explore how informal processes - such as club launches, internet promotions and dress codes - together result in the production and reproduction of two contrasting forms of English clubland elites: 'cultural elites' produced through the social, cultural and spatial exclusion of electronic dance music of black origin and its minority ethnic, working class and lower income followers from Manchester city centre dance clubs; and 'consumer elites' produced through the economic and cultural exclusion of working class and lower income club-goers from nightclubs in London's West End. The complex and interweaving practices of cultural distinction and structural discrimination which produce such elites are often closely intertwined with the formal and informal regulation, marginalization and criminalization of specific cultural forms. The paper therefore argues for the construction of more nuanced conceptual understandings of the social divisions and inequalities within nightlife and in studies of young people's leisure opportunities more generally.
早期的俱乐部研究强调了俱乐部文化的包容性以及“和平、爱、团结和尊重”的 PLUR 精神，同时对夜生活环境进行了两极分化的描述，要么是商业化、以酒精为导向的夜总会，提供“主流”流行音乐，要么是与广泛非法药物使用相关的“真实”/“另类”地下舞蹈俱乐部。本文增加了越来越多的研究，这些研究对俱乐部文化和整个夜间经济中的休闲场所的这种简单描述提出了质疑，强调了碎片化和隔离的元素，以及社会结构的持续重要性以及由此产生的社会和空间排斥。作者探讨了非正式的过程——例如俱乐部的推出、互联网宣传和着装要求——如何共同导致两种截然不同的英国俱乐部精英形式的产生和再生产：通过对起源于黑人的电子舞曲及其少数族裔、工人阶级和低收入跟随者在曼彻斯特市中心舞蹈俱乐部的社会、文化和空间排斥而产生的“文化精英”；以及通过对工人阶级和低收入俱乐部常客在伦敦西区夜总会的经济和文化排斥而产生的“消费者精英”。产生这些精英的文化区分和结构歧视的复杂和交织的实践，往往与特定文化形式的正式和非正式监管、边缘化和刑事化密切相关。因此，本文主张对夜生活内部以及年轻人休闲机会的研究中的社会分裂和不平等构建更细致入微的概念理解。
