Department for Environmental Chemistry, Institute for Coastal Research, GKSS Research Centre Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2010 Feb;78(8):1011-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.038. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
The global distribution of perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) were investigated in surface water samples collected onboard the Polarstern in Northern Europe, Atlantic and Southern Ocean (52 degrees N-69 degrees S) in 2008. The water samples were solid-phase extracted with Oasis WAX cartridges and analysed using the high-performance liquid chromatography interfaced to tandem mass spectrometry. Concentrations of various PFCs, including C(4), C(6), C(8) perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs), perfluorooctane sulfinate (PFOSi), C(5)-C(12) perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) were quantified. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were the predominant compounds with a maximum concentration of 232 and 223pgL(-1), respectively. Results indicate that industrial areas like the European Continent act as source of PFCs, while ocean water is an important as a sink as well as the transport medium of these compounds. Interestingly, in the equator area the summation operatorPFC concentration increased, which indicates that there exists an atmospheric or other unknown input source of PFCs. In the Southern Ocean only PFOS was detected which could be caused by atmospheric transport of its precursors.
2008 年,在北极、大西洋和南大洋(52 度 N-69 度 S)的极地号上采集了地表水样本,研究了全氟烷基化合物(PFCs)在全球的分布情况。水样采用 Oasis WAX 小柱固相萃取,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析。定量了各种 PFCs,包括 C(4)、C(6)、C(8)全氟烷基磺酸盐(PFSAs)、全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOSi)、C(5)-C(12)全氟烷基羧酸(PFCA)和全氟辛烷磺酰胺(FOSA)。全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)是主要的化合物,浓度最高分别为 232 和 223pgL(-1)。结果表明,欧洲大陆等工业区是 PFCs 的来源,而海水既是这些化合物的重要汇,也是它们的传输介质。有趣的是,在赤道地区,PFCs 的总和浓度增加,这表明存在大气或其他未知的 PFCs 输入源。在南大洋只检测到 PFOS,这可能是其前体通过大气传输造成的。