Busch Jan, Ahrens Lutz, Xie Zhiyong, Sturm Renate, Ebinghaus Ralf
GKSS Research Centre Geesthacht, Institute for Coastal Research, Geesthacht, Germany.
J Environ Monit. 2010 Jun;12(6):1242-6. doi: 10.1039/c002242j. Epub 2010 May 10.
Polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) can be found ubiquitously in the marine environment. The transport of PFCs to remote locations is assumed to be by direct transport via oceanic water currents or indirectly via atmospheric transport of volatile precursor compounds. This study investigates the influence of ocean currents and atmospheric transport to the East Greenland Arctic Ocean (67.5-80.4 degrees N). In this study, 38 water samples were collected in the Arctic summer in 2009 and analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Concentrations of three PFC classes could be quantified (i.e., perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides) predominantly in a low pg L(-1) range. Dominating compounds were PFOSA and PFOA with mean concentrations of 61 pg L(-1) and 51 pg L(-1), respectively. Statistically significant higher concentrations for PFOSA and PFHxA in the samples taken north of 75 degrees N indicate an atmospheric influence on the concentrations found in the water samples. Significant differences in concentrations of PFHxS, PFHxA, PFHpA and PFOA for samples taken in coastal areas indicate an influence from the Greenlandic mainland.
多氟烷基化合物（PFCs）在海洋环境中无处不在。PFCs向偏远地区的传输被认为是通过洋流直接传输，或通过挥发性前体化合物的大气传输间接进行。本研究调查了洋流和大气传输对东格陵兰北冰洋（北纬67.5 - 80.4度）的影响。在本研究中，于2009年北极夏季采集了38个水样，并通过液相色谱 - 电喷雾电离 - 串联质谱法（LC - ESI - MS/MS）进行分析。三类PFCs的浓度可以被定量（即全氟烷基羧酸（PFCAs）、全氟烷基磺酸盐（PFSAs）和全氟烷基磺酰胺），主要处于低皮克每升（pg L⁻¹）范围。主要化合物是全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOSA）和全氟辛酸（PFOA），平均浓度分别为61 pg L⁻¹和51 pg L⁻¹。在北纬75度以北采集的样本中，PFOSA和全氟己酸（PFHxA）的浓度在统计学上显著更高，这表明大气对水样中发现的浓度有影响。在沿海地区采集的样本中，全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）、PFHxA、全氟庚酸（PFHpA）和PFOA浓度的显著差异表明受到格陵兰大陆的影响。
