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超越小鼠模型:利用果蝇作为模型研究精子与雌性生殖道的相互作用。

Beyond the mouse model: using Drosophila as a model for sperm interaction with the female reproductive tract.

机构信息

Entomology, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.

出版信息

Theriogenology. 2010 Apr 1;73(6):723-39. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.11.001. Epub 2009 Dec 16.

Abstract

Although the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has emerged as a model system for human disease, its potential as a model for mammalian reproductive biology has not been fully exploited. Here we describe how Drosophila can be used to study the interactions between sperm and the female reproductive tract. Like many insects, Drosophila has two types of sperm storage organs, the spermatheca and seminal receptacle, whose ducts arise from the uterine wall. The spermatheca duct ends in a capsule-like structure surrounded by a layer of gland cells. In contrast, the seminal receptacle is a slender, blind-ended tubule. Recent studies suggest that the spermatheca is specialized for long-term storage, as well as sperm maturation, whereas the receptacle functions in short-term sperm storage. Here we discuss recent molecular and morphological analyses that highlight possible themes of gamete interaction with the female reproductive tract and draw comparison of sperm storage organ design in Drosophila and other animals, particularly mammals. Furthermore, we discuss how the study of multiple sperm storage organ types in Drosophila may help us identify factors essential for sperm viability and, moreover, factors that promote long-term sperm survivorship.

摘要

尽管果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)已成为人类疾病的模型系统,但它作为哺乳动物生殖生物学模型的潜力尚未得到充分利用。在这里,我们描述了如何利用果蝇研究精子与雌性生殖道之间的相互作用。与许多昆虫一样,果蝇有两种类型的精子储存器官,即受精囊和附腺,它们的导管从子宫壁上长出。受精囊导管终止于一个胶囊状结构,周围有一层腺细胞。相比之下,附腺是一个细长的盲端小管。最近的研究表明,受精囊专门用于长期储存和精子成熟,而附腺则用于短期储存精子。在这里,我们讨论了最近的分子和形态学分析,这些分析突出了配子与雌性生殖道相互作用的可能主题,并比较了果蝇和其他动物(尤其是哺乳动物)的精子储存器官设计。此外,我们还讨论了研究果蝇中多种精子储存器官类型如何帮助我们确定对精子活力至关重要的因素,以及促进长期精子存活的因素。

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