Morita Kumiko, Sasaki Akiko, Tanuma Tomoko
Department of Community Health Nursing, Division of Comprehensive Health Nursing Sciences, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2009 Dec;6(2):133-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7924.2009.00131.x.
To assess the association of user interest in various activities with personality traits for the provision of activity programs at adult day centers.
A self-reported questionnaire survey of service users was conducted at 25 day centers in Tokyo; 133 men and 344 women, with a mean age of 81.6 +/- 7.9 years, responded. The questionnaire examined their demographics, lifestyles, requested activities, purpose of activity participation, attitudes toward participation, and personality traits by using the BASIC-3 Personality Inventory (PI)-short version.
The participants with higher sociability and novelty-seeking scores on the BASIC-3 PI-short version requested significantly more activities than those with lower scores. Music appreciation and singing were significantly associated with both sociability and novelty-seeking facets. The sociability facets were significantly associated with activities, such as walking and interaction with children, while the novelty-seeking facets were significantly associated with contact with animals and the Internet. There was no significant relationship between the neuroticism facets and any specific activity. Flower arrangement, handicrafts, fashion or make up, cooking, and singing were significantly more frequently requested by the women than by the men, while shogi or mahjong was requested significantly more frequently by the men than by the women.
Sociability and novelty-seeking facets, sex, and age were significantly associated with an interest in particular activities. We recommend that adult day centers create a system under which nurses and formal caregivers fully assess the elderly in order to provide activity programs based on user needs.
为成人日间护理中心制定活动计划，评估用户对各种活动的兴趣与人格特质之间的关联。
在东京的25个日间护理中心对服务使用者进行了一项自我报告式问卷调查；133名男性和344名女性做出了回应，他们的平均年龄为81.6±7.9岁。问卷通过使用BASIC-3人格量表（PI）简版调查了他们的人口统计学特征、生活方式、所需活动、参与活动的目的、参与态度以及人格特质。
在BASIC-3 PI简版中社交性和寻求新奇得分较高的参与者比得分较低的参与者要求的活动明显更多。音乐欣赏和唱歌与社交性和寻求新奇方面均显著相关。社交性方面与散步和与儿童互动等活动显著相关，而寻求新奇方面与接触动物和互联网显著相关。神经质方面与任何特定活动之间均无显著关系。女性比男性更频繁地要求插花、手工艺、时尚或化妆、烹饪和唱歌，而男性比女性更频繁地要求将棋或麻将。
社交性和寻求新奇方面、性别和年龄与对特定活动的兴趣显著相关。我们建议成人日间护理中心建立一个系统，护士和正规护理人员可在此系统下对老年人进行全面评估，以便根据用户需求提供活动计划。
