Fromberg Doris Pronin
Curriculum and Teaching, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA.
Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci. 2010 Jan;14(1):47-68.
This paper contends that educators need to prepare young learners to function with the predictable unpredictability of life in this century by participating in the kind of education that is transformational and adaptive to the ways in which children acquire meaning. When teachers implement a dynamic-themes theory of early education they can help children younger than nine years of age to integrate meaning. The isomorphic relationships apparent within each of several theories--script theory, Theory of Mind as metacognition, and chaos and complexity theory--together can provide evidence for the nature of meaning and its relationship to the nonlinear early education of children. The transformational-generative characteristics of these theories, that include constructed learning, inform dynamic early educational practice. Play, as one condition for meaningful early learning, also has particular significance in early education by affording an environment for assessing learning.
本文认为,教育工作者需要通过参与变革性的、适应儿童获取意义方式的教育,让年轻学习者为在本世纪充满可预测的不可预测性的生活中发挥作用做好准备。当教师实施早期教育的动态主题理论时,他们可以帮助九岁以下的儿童整合意义。几种理论(脚本理论、作为元认知的心理理论以及混沌与复杂性理论)中各自明显存在的同构关系,共同能够为意义的本质及其与儿童非线性早期教育的关系提供证据。这些理论的变革性生成特征,包括建构性学习,为动态早期教育实践提供了依据。玩耍作为有意义的早期学习的一个条件,通过提供一个评估学习的环境,在早期教育中也具有特殊意义。