Hua Shao-dong, Chen Yao-qin, Dong Jian-ying, Kong Xiang-yong, Feng Zhi-chun
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ba Yi Children's Hospital Affiliated to The Military General Hospital of Beijing, The People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100700, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2009 Oct;47(10):757-61.
To analyze the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and provide evidence for the rational establishment of screening standard.
The clinical data of 1675 preterm infants at gestational age < or = 36 weeks or birth weight < or = 2500 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and had been screened in our hospital from July 2006 to May 2008 were analyzed retrospectively by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis. Gender, birth count, gestational age, birth weight, oxygen therapy, and mother's conditions were recorded.
ROP was detected in 195 (11.6%) of 1675 infants, of whom 35 infants (2.1%) had type 1 or threshold ROP. The lower the birth weight, the smaller the gestational age and the longer the time of oxygen therapy were, the higher the incidence of ROP was. For the infants whose birth weight was < or = 1200 g, 1201 - 1500 g, 1501 - 2000 g, 2001 - 2500 g, the incidence of ROP was 73.2%, 30.4%, 8.0%, and 1.1%; for those at gestational age < or = 30 weeks, 30(+1)-32 weeks, 32(+1)-34 weeks, 34(+1)-36 weeks, the incidence of ROP was 67.6%, 16.9%, 3.9%, and 1.0%; for the infants underwent oxygen therapy for 0 d, -3 d, -5 d, -8 d, > 8 d, the incidence of ROP was 1.5%, 3.3%, 9.6%, 23.2% and 38.8%;in the infants who inhaled oxygen at concentrations of 0.40, -0.60, -0.80 and > 0.80, the incidence of ROP was 11.8%, 18.1%, 26.8%, and 52.6%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that low birth weight, small gestational age, asphyxia, apnea, oxygen therapy were the high risk factors of ROP (the odds ratio was 0.957, 1.052, 1.186, 5.314, and 1.881).
Low birth weight, small gestational age, asphyxia, apnea, and oxygen therapy were the high risk factors of ROP. It is recommended that all preterm infants with high risk factors should be screened.
分析早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的危险因素，为合理制定筛查标准提供依据。
回顾性分析2006年7月至2008年5月在我院新生儿重症监护病房住院且接受筛查的1675例胎龄≤36周或出生体重≤2500g的早产儿的临床资料，采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。记录性别、出生顺序、胎龄、出生体重、氧疗情况及母亲情况。
1675例婴儿中，195例（11.6%）发生ROP，其中35例（2.1%）为1型或阈值ROP。出生体重越低、胎龄越小、氧疗时间越长，ROP发生率越高。出生体重≤1200g、1201～1500g、1501～2000g、2001～2500g的婴儿，ROP发生率分别为73.2%、30.4%、8.0%、1.1%；胎龄≤30周、30（+1）～32周、32（+1）～34周、34（+1）～36周的婴儿，ROP发生率分别为67.6%、16.9%、3.9%、1.0%；氧疗0d、-3d、-5d、-8d、＞8d的婴儿，ROP发生率分别为1.5%、3.3%、9.6%、23.2%、38.8%；吸氧浓度为0.40、-0.60、-0.80、＞0.80的婴儿，ROP发生率分别为11.8%、18.1%、26.8%、52.6%。Logistic回归分析显示，低出生体重、小胎龄、窒息、呼吸暂停、氧疗是ROP的高危因素（比值比分别为0.957、1.052、1.186、5.314、1.881）。
低出生体重、小胎龄、窒息、呼吸暂停及氧疗是ROP的高危因素。建议对所有具有高危因素的早产儿进行筛查。
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