Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
In Vivo. 2009 Nov-Dec;23(6):911-8.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in dogs is a rare disease with poor prognosis. In most subjects, palliative treatment or euthanasia is performed. A 3.5-year-old male castrated labrador with AML-M7, which was treated with induction polychemotherapy (8 cycles) using vincristine (0.5 mg/m(2)/cycle), daunorubicin (20 mg/m(2)/cycle), cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C, 100 mg/m(2)/cycle) and prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) is reported. Treatment was well tolerated and complete remission was achieved. Postinduction chemotherapy consisted of ARA-C, daunorubicin and prednisolone. After 3, 5 and 18 months, the subject relapsed. Each relapse was treated with ARA-C (up to 1,000 mg/m(2)) and etoposide or daunorubicin. Again, no severe side-effects occurred and the disease was controlled, with 37 chemotherapy-cycles (ARA-C, 3 x 1,000 mg/m(2)/cycle), for 24 months. Based on a literature-search, this is the first report documenting a long-term response of canine AML, probably resulting from the high-dose ARA-C. Clinical trials using high-dose ARA-C are now required to confirm antileukemic efficacy in canine leukemias.
犬急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种罕见疾病，预后不良。在大多数情况下，会进行姑息治疗或安乐死。本病例报告了一例 3.5 岁雄性已去势拉布拉多犬，患有 AML-M7，接受了诱导性多化疗（8 个周期），方案为长春新碱（0.5mg/m2/周期）、柔红霉素（20mg/m2/周期）、阿糖胞苷（ARA-C，100mg/m2/周期）和泼尼松龙（1mg/kg/天）。治疗耐受良好，达到完全缓解。诱导化疗后，采用 ARA-C、柔红霉素和泼尼松龙进行巩固化疗。在 3、5 和 18 个月后，该犬复发。每次复发均采用 ARA-C（最高至 1000mg/m2）、依托泊苷或柔红霉素进行治疗。同样，未出现严重的副作用，疾病得到控制，共进行了 37 个化疗周期（ARA-C，3 个周期，每个周期 1000mg/m2），持续 24 个月。基于文献检索，这是首例报道犬 AML 长期缓解的病例，可能归因于高剂量 ARA-C。现在需要进行临床试验，以证实高剂量 ARA-C 在犬白血病中的抗白血病疗效。
