Mörikofer-Zwez S, Flückiger-Isler R, Kahn J M, Walter P
Department of Biochemistry, University of Basel, Vesalianum, Switzerland.
J Nutr. 1991 Mar;121(3):302-10. doi: 10.1093/jn/121.3.302.
Rats fasted for 36 h were refed for 1, 2, 4 or 6 h with a diet containing 12 g/100 g casein, 2 g/100 g NaCl and 86 g/100 g glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, starch or malt extract. Blood glucose reached constant levels after 1 to 2 h of refeeding. The increase in plasma insulin paralleled food intake rather than the increase in blood glucose. Plasma triglycerides decreased upon refeeding starch, maltose and malt extract and increased with sucrose and fructose. Recovery of absorbed carbohydrates was highest in rats refed malt extract. Glycogen deposition in muscle was highest in rats fed malt extract and lowest in those fed fructose; sucrose yielded intermediate values. Glucose, maltose and starch resulted in muscle glycogen depositions slightly lower than those obtained with malt extract. In liver, sucrose and fructose were better precursors for glycogen than glucose and starch. With carbohydrates containing only glucose units, much more glycogen was found to be deposited in total muscle than in liver. This asymmetry was less notable or even was reversed with sucrose and fructose. Glycogen deposition in muscle and in liver is influenced by the carbohydrate used for refeeding, and muscle, rather than liver, is the main glycogen storing tissue.
将禁食36小时的大鼠用含有12 g/100 g酪蛋白、2 g/100 g氯化钠以及86 g/100 g葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、淀粉或麦芽提取物的饲料重新喂食1、2、4或6小时。重新喂食1至2小时后血糖达到稳定水平。血浆胰岛素的增加与食物摄入量平行，而非与血糖的增加平行。重新喂食淀粉、麦芽糖和麦芽提取物后血浆甘油三酯降低，而喂食蔗糖和果糖后血浆甘油三酯升高。重新喂食麦芽提取物的大鼠中吸收的碳水化合物回收率最高。喂食麦芽提取物的大鼠肌肉中的糖原沉积最高，喂食果糖的大鼠最低；蔗糖产生的糖原沉积值居中。葡萄糖、麦芽糖和淀粉导致的肌肉糖原沉积略低于麦芽提取物所产生的糖原沉积。在肝脏中，蔗糖和果糖作为糖原的前体比葡萄糖和淀粉更好。对于仅含葡萄糖单元的碳水化合物，发现总肌肉中沉积的糖原比肝脏中多得多。这种不对称性在蔗糖和果糖的情况下不太明显，甚至会逆转。重新喂食所用的碳水化合物会影响肌肉和肝脏中的糖原沉积，并且肌肉而非肝脏是主要的糖原储存组织。
