ETH Zurich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Nov 15;43(22):8643-51. doi: 10.1021/es901236f.
An in-depth life-cycle assessment of nine home-care and personal-hygiene products was conducted to determine the ecological relevance of different life-cycle phases and compare the environmental profiles of products serving equal applications. Using detailed data from industry and consumer-behavior studies a broad range of environmental impacts were analyzed to identify the main drivers in each life-cycle stage and potentials for improving the environmental footprints. Although chemical production significantly adds to environmental burdens, substantial impacts are caused in the consumer-use phase. As such, this research provides recommendations for product development, supply chain management, product policies, and consumer use. To reduce environmental burdens products should, for instance, be produced in concentrated form, while consumers should apply correct product dosages and low water temperatures during product application.
对九种家庭护理和个人卫生产品进行了深入的生命周期评估，以确定不同生命周期阶段的生态相关性，并比较具有同等应用的产品的环境概况。使用来自行业和消费者行为研究的详细数据，分析了广泛的环境影响，以确定每个生命周期阶段的主要驱动因素和改善环境足迹的潜力。尽管化学生产会显著增加环境负担，但在消费者使用阶段也会造成重大影响。因此，本研究为产品开发、供应链管理、产品政策和消费者使用提供了建议。例如，为了降低环境负担，产品应该以浓缩形式生产，而消费者在使用产品时应该使用正确的产品剂量和低水温。
