Feng Yuan, Chao Dongman, He Xiaozhou, Yang Yilin, Kang Xuezhi, H Lazarus Lawrence, Xia Ying
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2009 Dec 25;61(6):585-92.
The use of opioid analgesics has a long history in clinical settings, although the functions of opioid receptors, especially their role in the brain, are not well understood yet. Recent studies have generated abundant new data on opioid receptor-mediated functions and the underlying mechanisms. The most exciting finding in the past decade is probably the neuroprotection against hypoxic/ischemic stress mediated by delta-opioid receptors (DOR). An up-regulation of DOR expression and the release of endogenous opioids may increase neuronal tolerance to hypoxic/ischemic stress. The DOR signal triggers, depending on stress duration and severity, different mechanisms at multiple levels to preserve neuronal survival, including the stabilization of ionic homeostasis, an increase in pro-survival signaling (e.g., PKC-ERK-Bcl 2) and the enhanced anti-oxidative capacity. Recent data on DOR-mediated neuroprotection provide us a new concept of neuroprotection against neurological disorders and have a potentially significant impact on the prevention and treatment of some serious neurological conditions, such as stroke.
阿片类镇痛药在临床环境中的使用已有很长历史，尽管阿片受体的功能，尤其是它们在大脑中的作用，尚未得到充分了解。最近的研究产生了大量关于阿片受体介导的功能及其潜在机制的新数据。过去十年中最令人兴奋的发现可能是δ-阿片受体（DOR）介导的对缺氧/缺血应激的神经保护作用。DOR表达的上调和内源性阿片类物质的释放可能会增加神经元对缺氧/缺血应激的耐受性。根据应激的持续时间和严重程度，DOR信号在多个水平触发不同的机制以维持神经元存活，包括离子稳态的稳定、促生存信号（如PKC-ERK-Bcl 2）的增加以及抗氧化能力的增强。关于DOR介导的神经保护的最新数据为我们提供了一种针对神经系统疾病的神经保护新概念，对预防和治疗一些严重的神经系统疾病，如中风，具有潜在的重大影响。
