Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, DST Unit on Nanoscience and New Chemistry Unit and International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India.
Chem Asian J. 2010 Feb 1;5(2):232-43. doi: 10.1002/asia.200900275.
A tremendous growth in the field of carbon nanomaterials has led to the emergence of carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, mesoporous carbon and more recently graphene. Some of these materials have found applications in electronics, sensors, catalysis, drug delivery, composites, and so forth. The high temperatures and hydrocarbon precursors involved in their synthesis usually yield highly inert graphitic surfaces. As some of the applications require functionalization of their inert graphitic surface with groups like -COOH, -OH, and -NH(2), treatment of these materials in oxidizing agents and concentrated acids become inevitable. More recent works have involved using precursors like carbohydrates to produce carbon nanostructures rich in functional groups in a single-step under hydrothermal conditions. These carbon nanostructures have already found many applications in composites, drug delivery, materials synthesis, and Li ion batteries. The review aims to highlight some of the recent developments in the application of carbohydrate derived carbon nanostructures and also provide an outlook of their future prospects.
碳纳米材料领域的巨大发展催生了碳纳米管、富勒烯、介孔碳，以及最近的石墨烯等材料。其中一些材料已在电子、传感器、催化、药物输送、复合材料等领域得到应用。由于这些材料的合成涉及高温和碳氢前体，通常会产生高度惰性的石墨表面。由于一些应用需要对其惰性石墨表面进行官能化，引入 -COOH、-OH 和 -NH(2) 等基团，因此对这些材料进行氧化剂和浓酸处理是不可避免的。最近的研究工作涉及使用碳水化合物等前体，在水热条件下一步法制备富含官能团的碳纳米结构。这些碳纳米结构已经在复合材料、药物输送、材料合成和锂离子电池等领域得到了广泛应用。本文综述旨在强调碳水化合物衍生的碳纳米结构在应用方面的一些最新进展，并展望其未来前景。
