Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2013 Jun 7;42(11):4532-42. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35396b. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
Because of their unique physicochemical properties, carbon nanotubes and graphene can find promising applications in many fields of biomedical research. However, the pristine nanomaterials suffer from low solubility in aqueous systems which results in their limited biocompatibility. Through the introduction of carbohydrates, the surface properties of these graphitic carbon nanostructures can be modified not just to improve their water solubility but also to enable these versatile nanostructures to interact selectively with biological systems. This review will highlight the synthetic strategies that have been reported for the covalent and noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanostructures with carbohydrates, as well as their applications in biosensing and biomedicine.
由于其独特的物理化学性质，碳纳米管和石墨烯在许多生物医学研究领域都有很有前途的应用。然而，原始纳米材料在水体系中的溶解度低，导致其生物相容性有限。通过引入碳水化合物，可以修饰这些石墨碳纳米结构的表面性质，不仅可以提高其水溶性，还可以使这些多功能纳米结构与生物系统选择性地相互作用。这篇综述将重点介绍已报道的用于碳水化合物与碳纳米结构的共价和非共价功能化的合成策略，以及它们在生物传感和生物医学中的应用。
