Department of Medical Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2010 Jul;19(4):522-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2009.01088.x. Epub 2009 Dec 17.
The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression in cancer patients with the prevalence found in the general population, using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were 1529 cancer patients treated between 2002 and 2004 in Germany and 2037 persons from the German general population. In the cancer patients, the risk of psychiatric distress was nearly twice that of the general population. While for older age groups (61 years and above) there were only small differences between cancer patients and the general population, the differences in both scales were high for young persons. There were differences between the HADS mean scores of the patients with different tumour localisations, with high values for brain cancer and low scores for prostate cancer. The influence of the tumour stage on anxiety and depression was weak. However, depression scores of patients with a survival time less than 1 year were elevated. The results show that large sample sizes are necessary to evaluate the psychological situation of cancer patients, and that age and gender differences must be taken into account when several samples are compared.
本研究旨在使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）比较癌症患者的焦虑和抑郁发生率与一般人群的发生率。参与者为 2002 年至 2004 年在德国接受治疗的 1529 名癌症患者和来自德国普通人群的 2037 人。在癌症患者中，精神困扰的风险几乎是普通人群的两倍。虽然对于年龄较大的人群（61 岁及以上），癌症患者和普通人群之间只有很小的差异，但在两个量表中，年轻人的差异都很大。不同肿瘤部位的患者 HADS 平均分存在差异，脑癌的分值较高，前列腺癌的分值较低。肿瘤分期对焦虑和抑郁的影响较弱。然而，生存时间少于 1 年的患者的抑郁评分升高。研究结果表明，评估癌症患者的心理状况需要大样本量，并且在比较多个样本时必须考虑年龄和性别差异。
