Slater J, Green C, Sevenhuysen G, O'Neil J, Edginton B
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Chronic Dis Can. 2009;30(1):4-15.
Using the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey, this study examined how overweight and obesity in Canadian adults are distributed across socio-demographic and geographic groupings. Overweight and obesity prevalence were modeled against socio-demographic indicators using Poisson regression and were assessed geographically using choropleth maps. The Gini coefficient was used to assess the distribution of prevalence across risk groups. The potential impacts of high risk versus population-based prevention approaches on the population prevalence of obesity were also examined. Of adults aged 25 to 64 years, 17% were obese and 53% were overweight or obese, with the highest proportions observed in older age groups, among those who were physically inactive, white or non-immigrant, with low educational levels, and living in the prairie and east coast regions. Recalculation of obesity rates under the different prevention scenarios demonstrated that population-based approaches could achieve a four-fold greater decrease in obesity cases than high risk approaches, highlighting the need for broader population strategies for obesity prevention in Canada.
本研究利用2005年加拿大社区健康调查，探讨了加拿大成年人超重和肥胖情况在社会人口统计学及地理分组中的分布状况。采用泊松回归分析，针对社会人口统计学指标对超重和肥胖患病率进行建模，并使用分级统计图在地理层面进行评估。基尼系数用于评估患病率在各风险群体中的分布情况。同时还研究了高风险预防方法与基于人群的预防方法对肥胖人群患病率的潜在影响。在25至64岁的成年人中，17%为肥胖者，53%为超重或肥胖者，比例最高的是老年人群体、缺乏身体活动的人群、白人或非移民人群、教育水平较低的人群，以及居住在草原地区和东海岸地区的人群。在不同预防方案下重新计算肥胖率表明，基于人群的预防方法在减少肥胖病例方面比高风险预防方法的效果高出四倍，这凸显了加拿大制定更广泛的肥胖预防人群策略的必要性。
