Pinto Pereira L M, Jackman J, Figaro N, Babootee N, Cudjoe G, Farrell S, Francis-Regis C, Garcia Henry K, Pandor A, Walters T, Bekele I
Faculties of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2010 May-Jun;38(3):129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.aller.2009.09.002. Epub 2009 Dec 22.
Co-morbid allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma has not been studied in Caribbean countries where there is a high prevalence of childhood asthma.
Using the International Primary Care Airways Group (IPAG) guidelines to determine AR, care-givers of 393 (response rate=100%) children attending asthma clinics in selected public sector health facilities in Trinidad, West Indies, were interviewed.
Children (393) were between 2-17 years and included 239 (60.8%) boys and 154 (39.2%) girls. As many as 53.9% of children sampled (95% CI 45.9-55.8) suffered from AR. Children exposed to household smoking were nearly twice as likely to have AR (p<0.0041, OR=1.9, CI 1.22-2.88). Significantly (p<0.01) more asthmatics with AR (154, 58.6%) visited Accident and Emergency (A&E) in the past 12 months. The odds of visiting A&E at least once in the past 12 months for asthmatics with AR were 1.75 (95% CI 1.15-2.68). The average frequency of A&E visits was higher in children who also suffered from AR (1.75 vs 1.36, p<0.04). Age was negatively correlated (-0.21, p<0.005) with exacerbation frequency for asthmatics without AR suggesting A&E visits are independent of age in co-morbid disease. More children with AR (>60%) suffer day and night symptoms (p<0.001), and miss school (59.8%) (p<0.03) at least once a week (p<0.002) than asthmatics without AR (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.03-2.30).
AR is prevalent in 53.9% of Trinidadian children with asthma. The burden of co-morbid disease in asthmatic children is associated with increased likelihood of asthma-related A&E visits, day and night symptoms and absence from school.
在儿童哮喘患病率较高的加勒比国家，尚未对合并变应性鼻炎（AR）和哮喘进行研究。
采用国际初级保健气道组织（IPAG）指南来确定AR，对西印度群岛特立尼达选定公共部门卫生设施中393名（应答率 = 100%）哮喘门诊患儿的照顾者进行了访谈。
393名儿童年龄在2至17岁之间，其中包括239名（60.8%）男孩和154名（39.2%）女孩。多达53.9%的抽样儿童（95%可信区间45.9 - 55.8）患有AR。暴露于家庭吸烟环境的儿童患AR的可能性几乎是其他儿童的两倍（p < 0.0041，比值比 = 1.9，可信区间1.22 - 2.88）。在过去12个月中，患有AR的哮喘患儿（154名，58.6%）到急诊室就诊的比例显著更高（p < 0.01）。过去12个月中，患有AR的哮喘患儿至少到急诊室就诊一次的几率为1.75（95%可信区间1.15 - 2.68）。同时患有AR的儿童急诊就诊的平均频率更高（1.75对1.36，p < 0.04）。年龄与无AR的哮喘患儿的发作频率呈负相关（-0.21，p < 0.005），这表明在合并疾病中急诊就诊与年龄无关。与无AR的哮喘患儿相比，更多患有AR的儿童（>60%）出现白天和夜间症状（p < 0.001），并且每周至少缺课一次（59.8%）（p < 0.03）（p < 0.002）（比值比 = 1.5，95%可信区间 = 1.03 - 2.30）。
在特立尼达患有哮喘的儿童中，53.9%患有AR。哮喘患儿合并疾病的负担与哮喘相关急诊就诊、白天和夜间症状以及缺课的可能性增加有关。
