Team DyVA, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives de la Méditerranée, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
J Neurophysiol. 2010 Mar;103(3):1275-82. doi: 10.1152/jn.01061.2009. Epub 2009 Dec 23.
Several recent studies have shown that extracting pattern motion direction is a dynamical process where edge motion is first extracted and pattern-related information is encoded with a small time lag by MT neurons. A similar dynamics was found for human reflexive or voluntary tracking. Here, we bring an essential, but still missing, piece of information by documenting macaque ocular following responses to gratings, unikinetic plaids, and barber-poles. We found that ocular tracking was always initiated first in the grating motion direction with ultra-short latencies (approximately 55 ms). A second component was driven only 10-15 ms later, rotating tracking toward pattern motion direction. At the end the open-loop period, tracking direction was aligned with pattern motion direction (plaids) or the average of the line-ending motion directions (barber-poles). We characterized the dependency on contrast of each component. Both timing and direction of ocular following were quantitatively very consistent with the dynamics of neuronal responses reported by others. Overall, we found a remarkable consistency between neuronal dynamics and monkey behavior, advocating for a direct link between the neuronal solution of the aperture problem and primate perception and action.
最近的几项研究表明，提取模式运动方向是一个动态过程，其中边缘运动首先被提取，而模式相关信息则由 MT 神经元以小的时间延迟进行编码。人类的反射或自愿跟踪也存在类似的动力学。在这里，我们通过记录猕猴对光栅、非运动棋盘和条形波的眼球追随反应，提供了一个重要但仍缺失的信息。我们发现，眼球追踪总是以超短潜伏期（约 55 毫秒）首先在光栅运动方向启动。第二个组件仅在 10-15 毫秒后启动，将跟踪旋转到模式运动方向。在开环周期结束时，跟踪方向与模式运动方向（棋盘）或线端运动方向的平均值（条形波）对齐。我们描述了每个组件对对比度的依赖性。眼球追随的时间和方向与其他人报告的神经元反应动力学非常一致。总体而言，我们发现神经元动力学和猴子行为之间存在显著的一致性，这表明孔径问题的神经元解决方案与灵长类动物的感知和行为之间存在直接联系。
