XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain.
Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):997-1004. doi: 10.1038/nature08690.
NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the ESA's X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) made their first observations ten years ago. The complementary capabilities of these observatories allow us to make high-resolution images and precisely measure the energy of cosmic X-rays. Less than 50 years after the first detection of an extrasolar X-ray source, these observatories have achieved an increase in sensitivity comparable to going from naked-eye observations to the most powerful optical telescopes over the past 400 years. We highlight some of the many discoveries made by Chandra and XMM-Newton that have transformed twenty-first century astronomy.
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的钱德拉 X 射线观测台和欧洲航天局（ESA）的 X 射线多镜任务（XMM-Newton）在十年前首次进行了观测。这两个观测台的互补功能使我们能够拍摄高分辨率的图像，并精确测量宇宙 X 射线的能量。在首次探测到太阳系外 X 射线源不到 50 年后，这些观测台的灵敏度提高了，这相当于在过去 400 年里，从肉眼观测到最强大的光学望远镜的发展。我们重点介绍了钱德拉和 XMM-Newton 所做出的许多发现，这些发现改变了 21 世纪的天文学。
