情景记忆的时间属性。
The temporal attributes of episodic memory.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
出版信息
Behav Brain Res. 2010 Dec 31;215(2):299-309. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.12.029. Epub 2009 Dec 29.
From a temporal dynamic processing point of view, episodic memory can be divided into three critical time periods: short-term episodic memory with a duration of seconds, intermediate-term episodic memory with a duration from minutes to hours, and long-term or remote episodic memory with a duration from days to years. We propose that short-term episodic memory is mediated by the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus, intermediate-term episodic memory is mediated by the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus (in certain situations aided by the CA3 subregion), and that long-term or remote episodic memory may be mediated by the CA1 subregion. In support of the above mentioned proposal data are presented to support the short-term and intermediate episodic memory functions of CA3 and CA1 based on single item object, spatial location, and object-place association tasks. Additional data are presented for a role for CA3 in short-term episodic memory based on multiple sequential spatial locations, visual objects, and odors tasks. The same episodic memory model based on duration mentioned above cannot easily be applied to the functions of the CA3 (short-term episodic) and CA1 (intermediate-term episodic) for a multiple sequentially presented item, such as a places, objects or odors. The reason for this is that the CA1 region supports, in addition to intermediate episodic memory, temporal pattern separation processes which would reduce interference among sequentially experienced items. The consequence is that this temporal pattern separation process can result in CA1 involvement in short-term episodic tasks based on duration. Also, data are presented based on tasks that involved multiple-trials tested within a day and between days short-term and intermediate-term episodic memory. Furthermore, the mechanisms for understanding the interactions and dissociations between CA3 and CA1 are discussed. The DG appears to have a modulatory influence on the CA3 and CA1 mediation of short-term and intermediate-term episodic memory. The role of CA1 in supporting remote episodic memory requires more experimentation.
从时间动态处理的角度来看,情景记忆可以分为三个关键时期:持续时间为秒的短期情景记忆、持续时间从分钟到小时的中期情景记忆以及持续时间从几天到几年的长期或远程情景记忆。我们提出,短期情景记忆由海马体的 CA3 亚区介导,中期情景记忆由海马体的 CA1 亚区介导(在某些情况下由 CA3 亚区辅助),而长期或远程情景记忆可能由 CA1 亚区介导。为了支持上述提议,我们提供了数据来支持 CA3 和 CA1 的短期和中期情景记忆功能,这些功能基于单个项目的物体、空间位置和物体-位置关联任务。还提供了数据来支持 CA3 在基于多个连续空间位置、视觉物体和气味任务的短期情景记忆中的作用。基于上述持续时间的相同情景记忆模型不易应用于 CA3(短期情景)和 CA1(中期情景)的多项连续呈现项目的功能,例如地点、物体或气味。原因是 CA1 区域除了支持中期情景记忆外,还支持时间模式分离过程,这会减少连续经历的项目之间的干扰。其结果是,这种时间模式分离过程可以导致 CA1 参与基于持续时间的短期情景记忆任务。此外,还提供了基于在一天内和在几天内进行多次试验的任务的数据,用于测试短期和中期情景记忆。此外,还讨论了理解 CA3 和 CA1 之间相互作用和分离的机制。DG 似乎对 CA3 和 CA1 介导的短期和中期情景记忆具有调节作用。CA1 在支持远程情景记忆方面的作用需要更多的实验。