Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
J Reprod Immunol. 2010 May;85(1):106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2009.10.010. Epub 2009 Dec 28.
In mammalian reproduction, two immunologically disparate entities, the mother and her fetus, co-exist in close proximity and mutually tolerate each other. The maternal immune system plays a major contributing role in the reproductive outcome. A coordinated set of immunological events takes place between the maternal and fetal cells to ensure fetal survival. Among these, cytokines secreted by proximal maternal immune cells as well as fetal trophoblast cells play a major role in feto-maternal tolerance. In this review, we describe the role of the vacuolar ATPase (and more specifically the a2 isoform, a2V-ATPase) in controlling the expression of these vital cytokines. a2V-ATPase is a key enzyme that controls the acidification of intracellular vesicles and the extracellular environment, processes that play a major role in cellular function. The localization of a2V-ATPase in tissues and immune cells of the reproductive tract which are essential for pregnancy will be described. Information will be provided on the role of a2V-ATPase on aspects of cell development in pregnancy, from fertilization to implantation and fetal growth. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of a2V-ATPase in (a) regulating parts of the cytokine network at the implantation site and (b) attenuating the potentially harmful maternal immune response against trophoblast cells.
在哺乳动物的生殖过程中，母亲和她的胎儿这两个在免疫上截然不同的实体密切共存并相互耐受。母体免疫系统在生殖结果中起着重要的作用。母体和胎儿细胞之间会发生一系列协调的免疫事件，以确保胎儿的存活。在这些事件中，近端母体免疫细胞和胎儿滋养层细胞分泌的细胞因子在胎母耐受中起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们描述了空泡型三磷酸腺苷酶（更具体地说是 a2 同工型，a2V-ATPase）在控制这些重要细胞因子表达中的作用。a2V-ATPase 是一种关键的酶，控制着细胞内囊泡和细胞外环境的酸化，这些过程在细胞功能中起着重要作用。将描述 a2V-ATPase 在生殖道组织和免疫细胞中的定位，这些组织和免疫细胞对妊娠至关重要。将提供有关 a2V-ATPase 在妊娠过程中从受精到着床和胎儿生长等细胞发育方面的作用的信息。特别强调 a2V-ATPase 在（a）调节着床部位细胞因子网络的部分以及（b）减轻母体免疫对滋养层细胞的潜在有害反应方面的作用。
