Porter J D, Strebeck S, Capra N F
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1991 Mar;109(3):396-404. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1991.01080030098047.
Botulin type A was injected into the eyelids of adult monkeys, and structural alterations in the orbicularis oculi muscle were evaluated after survival times of 7 to 84 days. The most profound change seen at both the light- and electron-microscopic levels was nonselective atrophy of virtually all muscle fibers. Moreover, the botulin-induced blockade of neuromuscular transmission was nonspecific in producing alterations in the three orbicularis fiber types. Muscle structural changes appeared to be reversible, with no apparent long-term consequences. While sprouting of preterminal axons was noted in botulin-treated muscle, formation of collateral sprouts did not appear to be widespread. These changes contrast with the fiber type-specific, long-term alterations induced in extraocular muscle by botulin treatment. However, this differential response may be attributed to the very clear differences in fiber type composition and motor control mechanisms between eyelid and extraocular muscle groups. The efficacy of botulin treatments for strabismus and focal dystonia may then be directly related to both the anatomic fiber type composition and the functional properties of motor control systems of the injected muscle.
将A型肉毒杆菌注射到成年猴子的眼睑中，并在7至84天的存活期后评估眼轮匝肌的结构变化。在光镜和电镜水平上观察到的最显著变化是几乎所有肌纤维的非选择性萎缩。此外，肉毒杆菌引起的神经肌肉传递阻滞在三种眼轮匝肌纤维类型中产生变化时是非特异性的。肌肉结构变化似乎是可逆的，没有明显的长期后果。虽然在肉毒杆菌治疗的肌肉中观察到终末前轴突发芽，但侧支芽的形成似乎并不普遍。这些变化与肉毒杆菌治疗眼外肌引起的纤维类型特异性长期变化形成对比。然而，这种差异反应可能归因于眼睑和眼外肌组在纤维类型组成和运动控制机制上非常明显的差异。肉毒杆菌治疗斜视和局灶性肌张力障碍的疗效可能直接与注射肌肉的解剖纤维类型组成和运动控制系统的功能特性有关。
