Harvard-Farber Cancer Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2010 Mar;4(1):26-30. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0b013e328335fb76.
Gastrointestinal toxicities are a common side effect of many forms of cytotoxic cancer therapy. Of the gastrointestinal toxicities, mucositis is among the most common and results in a range of symptoms that negatively impact patients' quality of life, ability to tolerate their cancer therapy, and health resource use. The purpose of this review is to describe the scope, risk factors, pathobiology, and treatment opportunities for mucositis.
The historical paradigm by which mucositis occurs has been markedly revised in the past decade. The pathogenesis of mucositis is now recognized to consist of a series of complex biological events that ultimately result in the disruption of the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract. Risk factors for mucositis have been identified that are associated with its biology. Treatment strategies that target mucositis' mechanistic pathways hold significant promise.
Mucosal injury induced by radiation or chemotherapy is a common, painful, function disrupting toxicity that, currently, has limited treatment options. The evolving understanding of the pathobiology of the condition provides multiple treatment targets that should ultimately result in amelioration of the condition.
胃肠道毒性是许多形式的细胞毒性癌症治疗的常见副作用。在胃肠道毒性中，黏膜炎是最常见的一种，它会导致一系列症状，这些症状会对患者的生活质量、耐受癌症治疗的能力以及卫生资源的使用产生负面影响。本文综述的目的是描述黏膜炎的范围、危险因素、病理生物学和治疗机会。
在过去的十年中，黏膜炎发生的历史模式发生了显著的修正。黏膜炎的发病机制现在被认为是一系列复杂的生物学事件的结果，这些事件最终导致胃肠道完整性的破坏。已经确定了与黏膜炎生物学相关的危险因素。针对黏膜炎的机制途径的治疗策略具有很大的前景。
由辐射或化疗引起的黏膜损伤是一种常见的、疼痛的、功能障碍性毒性，目前其治疗选择有限。对该疾病病理生物学的不断认识为该疾病提供了多个治疗靶点，最终应能改善该疾病。
