Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Nov;170(1-4):571-84. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1258-1. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
Inter-annual dynamics of grassland yield of the Three Rivers Headwaters Region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China in 1988-2005 was analyzed using the GLO-PEM model, and the herbage supply function was evaluated. The results indicate that while grassland yield in the region showed marked inter-annual fluctuation there was a trend of increased yield over the 18 years of the study. This increase was especially marked for Alpine Desert and Alpine Steppe and in the west of the region. The inter-annual coefficient of variation of productivity increased from the east to the west of the region and from Marsh, Alpine Meadow, Alpine Steppe, Temperate Steppe to Alpine Desert grasslands. Climate change, particularly increased temperatures in the region during the study period, is suggested to be the main cause of increased grassland yield. However, reduced grazing pressure and changes to the seasonal pattern of grazing could also have influenced the grassland yield trend. These findings indicate the importance of understanding the function of the grassland ecosystems in the region and the effect of climate change on them especially in regard to their use to supply forage for animal production. Reduction of grazing pressure, especially during winter, is indicated to be critical for the restoration and sustainable use of grassland ecosystems in the region.
1988-2005 年中国青藏高原三江源地区草地产量的年际动态变化利用 GLO-PEM 模型进行了分析，并评估了牧草供应函数。结果表明，尽管该地区的草地产量存在明显的年际波动，但在研究的 18 年中产量呈上升趋势。这种增加在高山荒漠和高山草原地区以及该地区的西部尤为明显。生产力的年际变异系数从该地区的东部到西部，从沼泽、高山草甸、高山草原、温带草原到高山荒漠草原逐渐增加。气候变化，特别是研究期间该地区温度的升高，被认为是草地产量增加的主要原因。然而，放牧压力的减轻和放牧季节性模式的改变也可能影响了草地产量的趋势。这些发现表明，了解该地区草地生态系统的功能以及气候变化对它们的影响，特别是它们对动物生产的饲料供应的影响，非常重要。减少放牧压力，特别是在冬季，对该地区草地生态系统的恢复和可持续利用至关重要。
