University of Coventry Clinical Psychology Doctorate, Coventry, UK. juliehighfi
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2010 Sep-Oct;17(5):395-405. doi: 10.1002/cpp.674.
There has been little research into the association of shame and other self-conscious emotions in bipolar disorder, although there is evidence linking shame to various psychopathologies.
This research investigates the levels of shame in individuals with bipolar disorder.
A cross-sectional design was used to compare 24 individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder to a clinical control group of 18 individuals with unipolar depression, and 23 age-matched non-psychiatric controls on measures of mood (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] and Self Report Manic Inventory [SRMI]) and of self-conscious emotions (Internalized Shame Scale and Test of Self-Conscious Affect).
Higher levels of trait shame and lower guilt-proneness were found in the bipolar group. Higher levels of shame-proneness were found in the unipolar group in comparison to the bipolar and control groups. BDI scores positively correlated with trait shame and shame-proneness, and accounted for a large proportion of the variance in these scores. SRMI scores positively correlated with trait (internalized) shame and negatively correlated with guilt-proneness.
There was evidence for the presence of shame within bipolar disorder, but this differed to the evidence for shame in individuals with unipolar depression. Clinical implications are discussed.
在双相情感障碍中，对羞耻和其他自我意识情绪的关联研究甚少，尽管有证据表明羞耻与各种精神病理学有关。
本研究调查了双相情感障碍个体的羞耻水平。
采用横断面设计，将 24 名双相情感障碍患者与 18 名单相抑郁的临床对照组和 23 名年龄匹配的非精神病对照组进行比较，采用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和自我报告躁狂量表（SRMI）评估情绪，采用内化羞耻量表和自我意识情感测试（Test of Self-Conscious Affect）评估自我意识情绪。
双相组的特质羞耻和内疚倾向较低。与双相组和对照组相比，单相组的羞耻倾向更高。BDI 评分与特质羞耻和羞耻倾向呈正相关，且对这些评分的变化有较大的解释作用。SRMI 评分与特质（内化）羞耻呈正相关，与内疚倾向呈负相关。
双相情感障碍患者存在羞耻感，但与单相抑郁患者的羞耻感证据不同。讨论了临床意义。
