University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ecophysiology, Biochemistry, and Toxicology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2010 Apr;155(4):503-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.12.014. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
Recent studies indicate that elasmobranch fish respond differently to metal exposure than marine teleosts. Accumulation rates can be high, which despite the fact that normal background levels for metals in the marine environment are low, is worrying due to the long life span and late fecundity of most shark. The goals of the present study were to examine differences in accumulation rates and toxicity of a range of metals at equimolar concentrations (10microM) in the Mediterranean or spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula. For this purpose, we exposed the dogfish to Ni (587microg/L), Cd (1124microg/L), Pb (2072microg/L), Cu (635microg/L), and Ag (1079microg/L and two additional exposures at 10microg/L and 1microg/L) for one week and measured total metal accumulation, metallothionein induction, and parameters related to osmoregulation. Our study confirms the high toxicity and accumulation rates of Ag for elasmobranch fish, even at levels 100 to 1000 times lower than exposure levels of other metals. Also Pb accumulated readily in all organs, but did not cause any osmoregulatory disturbance at the exposure levels used. Ni and Cd seem to accumulate primarily in the kidney while Cu mainly accumulated in liver. In contrast to Ni and Cd, the three other metals Ag, Cu and Pb accumulated in the rectal gland, an important organ for osmoregulation and possible target organ for metal toxicity. Only Cu succeeded in initiating a protective response by inducing MT synthesis in liver and gills.
最近的研究表明，软骨鱼类对金属暴露的反应与海洋硬骨鱼类不同。尽管海洋环境中金属的正常背景水平较低，但积累率可能很高，这令人担忧，因为大多数鲨鱼的寿命长且繁殖期较晚。本研究的目的是检查在等摩尔浓度（10μM）下，一系列金属在地中海星鲨（Scyliorhinus canicula）中的积累率和毒性差异。为此，我们将星鲨暴露于 Ni（587μg/L）、Cd（1124μg/L）、Pb（2072μg/L）、Cu（635μg/L）和 Ag（1079μg/L）中，持续一周，并测量总金属积累、金属硫蛋白诱导和与渗透调节相关的参数。我们的研究证实了 Ag 对软骨鱼类的高毒性和积累率，即使在比其他金属暴露水平低 100 到 1000 倍的水平下也是如此。此外，Pb 很容易在所有器官中积累，但在使用的暴露水平下不会引起任何渗透调节紊乱。Ni 和 Cd 似乎主要积累在肾脏中，而 Cu 主要积累在肝脏中。与 Ni 和 Cd 不同，另外三种金属 Ag、Cu 和 Pb 积累在直肠腺中，直肠腺是一种重要的渗透调节器官，也是金属毒性的可能靶器官。只有 Cu 通过诱导肝脏和鳃中的 MT 合成成功引发了保护反应。
