Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Vaccine. 2010 Feb 25;28(9):2130-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.026. Epub 2009 Dec 29.
Active surveillance was conducted by the 12 centers of the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, Active from 2000-2007 in children 16 years of age and younger to determine the influence of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate immunization programs on the prevalence, serotype and antibiotic resistance patterns of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The absolute number of reported IPD cases decreased 48% (p<0.01) over the 8-year period and 56% (p<0.01) in children 0-4 years of age. The absolute number of reported IPD cases caused by serotypes in the conjugate vaccine decreased 87.5% (p<0.01) overall and 92% (p<0.01) in children 0-4 years. Although 6 non-vaccine serotypes increased over time, only serotype 19A increased significantly (p<0.01). Overall, the proportion of penicillin resistant isolates remained unchanged at 17%. Cefotaxime/ceftriaxone resistance remained unchanged at 2% of isolates annually. Universal pneumococcal conjugate infant immunization programs have dramatically decreased cases of invasive pneumococcal disease.
从 2000 年至 2007 年，加拿大免疫监测计划（Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program，Active）的 12 个中心开展了主动监测，以确定 7 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗免疫规划对肺炎链球菌引起的侵袭性肺炎球菌病（invasive pneumococcal disease，IPD）的流行率、血清型和抗生素耐药模式的影响。在 8 年期间，报告的 IPD 病例绝对数减少了 48%（p<0.01），0-4 岁儿童减少了 56%（p<0.01）。结合疫苗血清型引起的报告 IPD 病例绝对数总体减少了 87.5%（p<0.01），0-4 岁儿童减少了 92%（p<0.01）。尽管 6 种非疫苗血清型的数量随时间增加，但只有 19A 血清型显著增加（p<0.01）。总体而言，青霉素耐药分离株的比例保持不变，为 17%。头孢噻肟/头孢曲松耐药率每年保持在 2%不变。普遍开展婴幼儿肺炎球菌结合疫苗免疫规划显著降低了侵袭性肺炎球菌病的发病数。
