Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2010 Apr;28(4):579-86. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.12.017. Epub 2010 Jan 1.
Vaccines are commonly used in salmonid aquaculture as a method of disease prevention. Although there is a substantial amount of published research regarding the immunological and physiological effects following the injection of different polyvalent vaccines and DNA vaccines, there are no published reports examining the physiological and immunological effects of concurrent vaccine injection, which is the situation encountered in aquaculture. Using key immunological parameters such as lysozyme activity and specific antibody titres we examined the short-term activation of the immune response of cultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) following concurrent injection with a traditional, polyvalent, oil-adjuvanted vaccine (AV) and an IHNV-specific DNA vaccine (DV). Our results indicate that different aspects of the innate and adaptive immune responses are influenced in either a positive or negative manner. While concurrent vaccine injection elicited an increase in lysozyme activity, changes in antibody titre (Ab) were antigen specific. The production of anti-Aeromonas salmonicida Abs was significantly greater in the combined vaccine group at 296 degree days post-vaccine injection (dd pvi), while the production of anti-Listonella anguillarum Abs was significantly greater at 106 dd pvi in the combined vaccine group. Of even greater interest was the apparent delay in production of IHNV-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAb) when the DV was injected concurrently with the polyvalent AV. The results indicated that concurrent injection of a polyvalent oil-AV and a DV can be beneficial to the production of antibodies; however, the specific anti-viral response may be delayed.
疫苗在鲑鱼养殖中被广泛用作疾病预防方法。尽管已经有大量关于注射不同多价疫苗和 DNA 疫苗后免疫和生理效应的已发表研究，但目前还没有研究报告检查同时注射疫苗时的生理和免疫效应，而这种情况在水产养殖中经常发生。本研究使用溶菌酶活性和特异性抗体效价等关键免疫参数，检查了大西洋鲑（Salmo salar L.）在同时注射传统多价油佐剂疫苗（AV）和 IHNV 特异性 DNA 疫苗（DV）后的短期免疫反应激活情况。结果表明，固有和适应性免疫反应的不同方面受到正向或负向影响。虽然同时注射疫苗会引起溶菌酶活性增加，但抗体效价（Ab）的变化具有抗原特异性。在疫苗注射后 296 度日（dd pvi）时，联合疫苗组中抗嗜水气单胞菌 Ab 的产生显著增加，而在联合疫苗组中，抗鳗弧菌 Ab 的产生在 106 dd pvi 时显著增加。更有趣的是，当将多价 AV 与 DV 同时注射时，产生 IHNV 特异性中和抗体（NAb）的时间明显延迟。结果表明，同时注射多价油-AV 和 DNA 疫苗可以促进抗体的产生；然而，特定的抗病毒反应可能会延迟。
