Brook Judith S, Pahl Kerstin, Morojele Neo K
Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 215 Lexington Avenue, 15 Floor, New York, NY 10016, Tel (212) 263-4663; Fax (212) 263-4660,
Addict Res Theory. 2009 Oct 1;17(5):493-503. doi: 10.1080/16066350802245635.
The purpose of this study is to determine the association of receptivity to media models of smoking and nicotine dependence among South African adolescents from four ethnic groups. A stratified random sample of 731 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (mean=14. 55, SD=1.68) was drawn from Johannesburg, South Africa. A structured questionnaire was administered to the participants in their homes by trained interviewers. Receptivity to media models of smoking was assessed with a three-item Likert scale. The dependent variable, nicotine dependence, was assessed with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Regression analyses showed a positive relationship between media receptivity and nicotine dependence, with control on demographic variables and hours of TV watched by the adolescent. This relationship was found to be strongest among White adolescents and weakest among Black adolescents. Though equally receptive to media models of smoking, Black adolescents have lower FTND scores than their peers from other South African ethnic groups. This may be related to the low prevalence of images in South Africa depicting Black people smoking cigarettes. Cultural norms against smoking among Black adolescents may also serve as a protective factor.
本研究的目的是确定来自四个种族群体的南非青少年对吸烟媒体模式的接受度与尼古丁依赖之间的关联。从南非约翰内斯堡抽取了一个由731名12至17岁青少年组成的分层随机样本（平均年龄 = 14.55，标准差 = 1.68）。经过培训的访谈员在参与者家中对其进行结构化问卷调查。使用一个三项李克特量表评估对吸烟媒体模式的接受度。通过尼古丁依赖Fagerström测试（FTND）评估作为因变量的尼古丁依赖情况。回归分析表明，在控制了人口统计学变量和青少年看电视的时长后，媒体接受度与尼古丁依赖之间存在正相关关系。这种关系在白人青少年中最为强烈，在黑人青少年中最为微弱。尽管黑人青少年对吸烟媒体模式的接受程度与其他群体相当，但他们的FTND得分低于来自其他南非种族群体的同龄人。这可能与南非描绘黑人吸烟的图像普及率较低有关。黑人青少年中反对吸烟的文化规范也可能起到了保护作用。
