Lopes Carla D, Silva Neide M, Ferro Eloisa A V, Sousa Richard A, Firminot Marise L, Bernardes Emerson S, Roque-Barreira Maria C, Pena Janethe D O
Ocular Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
J Parasitol. 2009 Aug;95(4):1005-10. doi: 10.1645/GE-1765.1.
Toxoplasma gondii is a widely distributed obligatory intracellular parasite that causes severe disease to the fetus when transmitted during pregnancy. Drugs used to avoid congenital transmission have shown side effects, and their efficacy is controversial. The most widely used treatment for acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine, which has several side effects. In this work, we tested the efficacy of azithromycin in reducing congenital transmission of T. gondii in the large vesper mouse, Calomys callosus, a rodent. Females of C callosus were inoculated perorally with 20 cysts of ME49 strain of T. gondii on the day of fertilization, and fetuses were collected from the 15th to the 19th day of gestation. Azithromycin (300 mg/kg), in association with pyrimethamine (100 or 50 mg/kg) plus sulfadiazine (100 or 75 mg/kg) and folinic acid (15 mg/kg) (SPAf), or vehicle, were administered orally on different days after infection. Brain and ocular tissues were removed and processed for immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody against T. gondii, or were processed for parasite DNA quantification. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in the brains of all females and in fetuses' eyes of C. callosus treated with SPAf. On the other hand, in females treated with azithromycin, there was a reduction of T. gondii in the brains of mothers, and no parasites were detected in eyes of fetuses, indicating that azithromycin may represent an alternative treatment for toxoplasmosis during pregnancy.
刚地弓形虫是一种广泛分布的专性细胞内寄生虫，在孕期传播时会导致胎儿患上严重疾病。用于避免先天性传播的药物已显示出副作用，且其疗效存在争议。孕期急性弓形虫病最常用的治疗方法是乙胺嘧啶加磺胺嘧啶，该方法有多种副作用。在这项研究中，我们测试了阿奇霉素在减少大 Vesper 鼠（Calomys callosus，一种啮齿动物）中刚地弓形虫先天性传播方面的疗效。在受精当天，给 C. callosus 的雌性经口接种 20 个刚地弓形虫 ME49 株的包囊，并在妊娠第 15 天至第 19 天收集胎儿。在感染后的不同日子，经口给予阿奇霉素（300 mg/kg），联合乙胺嘧啶（100 或 50 mg/kg）加磺胺嘧啶（100 或 75 mg/kg）和亚叶酸（15 mg/kg）（SPAf），或赋形剂。取出脑和眼组织，使用抗刚地弓形虫的多克隆抗体进行免疫组织化学处理，或进行寄生虫 DNA 定量分析。在用 SPAf 治疗的 C. callosus 的所有雌性的脑中以及胎儿的眼中均检测到刚地弓形虫。另一方面，在用阿奇霉素治疗的雌性中，母亲脑中的刚地弓形虫数量减少，且在胎儿的眼中未检测到寄生虫，这表明阿奇霉素可能是孕期弓形虫病的一种替代治疗方法。
Zotero 插件