Nakajima Yuji
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka City University, Japan.
Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2010 Mar;50(1):8-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2009.00267.x. Epub 2009 Dec 24.
Abnormal heart development causes various congenital heart defects. Recent cardiovascular biology studies have elucidated the morphological mechanisms involved in normal and abnormal heart development. The primitive heart tube originates from the lateral-most part of the heart forming mesoderm and mainly gives rise to the left ventricle. Then, during the cardiac looping, the outflow tract is elongated by the addition of cardiogenic cells from the both pharyngeal and splanchnic mesoderm (corresponding to anterior and secondary heart field, respectively), which originate from the mediocaudal region of the heart forming mesoderm and are later located anteriorly (rostrally) to the dorsal region of the heart tube. Therefore, the heart progenitors that contribute to the outflow tract region are distinct from those that form the left ventricle. The knowledge that there are two different lineages of heart progenitors in the four-chambered heart provides new understanding of the morphological and molecular etiology of conotruncal heart defects.
心脏发育异常会导致各种先天性心脏缺陷。最近的心血管生物学研究阐明了正常和异常心脏发育所涉及的形态学机制。原始心管起源于形成心脏的中胚层的最外侧部分，主要发育为左心室。然后，在心脏环化过程中，流出道通过来自咽和脏中胚层（分别对应于前心脏场和第二心脏场）的生 cardiogenic 细胞的添加而延长，这些细胞起源于形成心脏的中胚层的中尾区域，后来位于心管背侧区域的前方（头侧）。因此，对流出道区域有贡献的心脏祖细胞与形成左心室的祖细胞不同。四腔心存在两种不同谱系的心脏祖细胞这一认识为圆锥干心脏缺陷的形态学和分子病因学提供了新的理解。 （注：原文中“cardiogenic cells”直译为“生 cardiogenic 细胞”，可能有误，推测应为“生心细胞”，但按要求未修改译文）
