Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4852, USA.
J Sch Health. 2010 Jan;80(1):13-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00461.x.
Obesity is a significant health problem among today's youth; however, most school-based prevention programs in this area have had limited success. Focus groups were conducted with seventh- to eighth-grade students, parents, and teachers to provide insight into the development of a comprehensive program for the prevention of adolescent obesity: the Teen Eating and Activity Mentoring in Schools project (TEAMS).
Questions addressed (1) beliefs about the relationship between early adolescent behavior and health; (2) early adolescents' physical activity habits, preferences, influences, and barriers; (3) early adolescents' dietary habits, preferences, influences, and barriers; and (4) recommendations for interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating in early adolescence.
Qualitative analyses revealed that early adolescents had a good understanding of the relationship between their behavior and their health, although they had a limited understanding of what constitutes healthy eating. Youth participants reported preferences for a number of healthy foods and physical activities, but identified numerous barriers preventing their engagement. The major difference between students, parents, and teachers reflected the operation of the fundamental attribution error with early adolescents attributing their unhealthy behaviors to situational factors, teachers blaming parents, and parents blaming their children.
Implications of these findings for the development of school-based, integrated strategies for obesity prevention among early adolescents are discussed.
肥胖是当今青少年面临的一个严重健康问题;然而,大多数针对该领域的学校预防计划收效甚微。本研究通过对 7 至 8 年级学生、家长和教师进行焦点小组讨论,深入了解青少年肥胖预防综合项目(TEAMS)的开发,即青少年饮食与活动同伴辅导项目。
探讨的问题包括(1)对青少年早期行为与健康之间关系的看法;(2)青少年的体育活动习惯、偏好、影响因素和障碍;(3)青少年的饮食习惯、偏好、影响因素和障碍;(4)促进青少年积极运动和健康饮食的干预措施建议。
定性分析显示,青少年对自己行为与健康之间的关系有较好的理解,尽管他们对健康饮食的概念理解有限。青少年参与者报告了对许多健康食品和体育活动的偏好,但也指出了许多阻碍他们参与的障碍。学生、家长和教师之间的主要区别反映了基本归因错误的运作,青少年将自己的不健康行为归因于情境因素,教师则归咎于家长,家长则归咎于孩子。
讨论了这些发现对开发针对青少年肥胖的学校综合预防策略的意义。