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他们怎么说并不重要,重要的是他们的行为:超重和肥胖青少年的父母影响和体重变化。

It doesn't matter what they say, it matters how they behave: Parental influences and changes in body mass among overweight and obese adolescents.

机构信息

University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 30b Ostrowskiego Street, PL-53-238 Wroclaw, Poland.

Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.

出版信息

Appetite. 2016 Jan 1;96:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.08.040. Epub 2015 Sep 2.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated whether the relationships between perceived parental behaviors (dietary behaviors, physical activity, and verbal pressure) and changes in adolescents' body mass index (BMI) were mediated by adolescents' physical activity and dietary behaviors. The associations were tested among overweight and obese adolescents.

DESIGN

Longitudinal data were collected three times, with a 2-month interval between Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2), and a 13-month interval between T2 and Time 3 (T3) in the group of adolescents (N = 100) aged 13-19. There was no experimental manipulation. Mediation analyses with two sequential mediators were conducted.

MAIN MEASURES

Participants completed the questionnaires assessing their dietary behaviors, physical activity (mediators), perceived parental behaviors, and verbal pressure (independent variables). Adolescents' weight and height were measured objectively (with BMI constituting the outcome variable).

RESULTS

Adolescents who perceived that their parents engaged in a healthy diet and frequent physical activity (T1) self-reported a healthier diet (T2 and T3), higher levels of physical activity (T2 and T3), and their combined index of healthy lifestyle was higher (T2 and T3). In turn, adolescents' behaviors (T2 and T3) were related to lower BMI (T3). Perceived behaviors of parents had a significant, indirect effect on a BMI reduction. There were no effects of the perceived parental verbal pressure (T1) through adolescents' behaviors (T2) on adolescents' BMI (T3).

CONCLUSION

Perceived parental modeling of healthy diet and frequent physical activity, but not verbal pressure, predicted adolescents' behaviors (diet, physical activity, and a combined lifestyle index) and, in turn, a reduction in their BMI. The role of parents' health behaviors (diet and physical activity) should be taken into account when considering adolescents' overweight and obesity prevention and treatment programs.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨青少年感知到的父母行为(饮食行为、身体活动和言语压力)与青少年体重指数(BMI)变化之间的关系是否通过青少年的身体活动和饮食行为来调节。在超重和肥胖青少年中检验了这些关联。

设计

在 13-19 岁青少年组中,三次收集纵向数据,T1 和 T2 之间间隔 2 个月,T2 和 T3 之间间隔 13 个月。没有进行实验干预。进行了两次中介的中介分析。

主要措施

参与者完成了评估他们饮食行为、身体活动(中介变量)、感知到的父母行为和言语压力(自变量)的问卷。青少年的体重和身高通过客观测量(BMI 构成结果变量)。

结果

感知到父母饮食健康和经常进行身体活动(T1)的青少年自我报告了更健康的饮食(T2 和 T3)、更高水平的身体活动(T2 和 T3),并且他们的健康生活方式综合指数更高(T2 和 T3)。反过来,青少年的行为(T2 和 T3)与较低的 BMI(T3)有关。父母感知行为对 BMI 降低有显著的间接影响。感知到的父母言语压力(T1)通过青少年行为(T2)对青少年 BMI(T3)没有影响。

结论

感知到父母健康饮食和经常进行身体活动的榜样作用,但不是言语压力,预测了青少年的行为(饮食、身体活动和综合生活方式指数),进而降低了他们的 BMI。在考虑青少年超重和肥胖预防和治疗计划时,应考虑父母健康行为(饮食和身体活动)的作用。

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