Department of Family Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Jan-Feb;23(1):13-21. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2010.01.090135.
A key element for reducing health care costs and improving community health is increased access to primary care and preventative health services. Geographic information systems (GIS) have the potential to assess patterns of health care utilization and community-level attributes to identify geographic regions most in need of primary care access.
GIS, analytical hierarchy process, and multiattribute assessment and evaluation techniques were used to examine attributes describing primary care need and identify areas that would benefit from increased access to primary care services. Attributes were identified by a collaborative partnership working within a practice-based research network using tenets of community-based participatory research. Maps were created based on socioeconomic status, population density, insurance status, and emergency department and primary care safety-net utilization.
Individual and composite maps identified areas in our community with the greatest need for increased access to primary care services.
Applying GIS to commonly available community- and patient-level data can rapidly identify areas most in need of increased access to primary care services. We have termed this a Multiple Attribute Primary Care Targeting Strategy. This model can be used to plan health services delivery as well as to target and evaluate interventions designed to improve health care access.
增加初级保健和预防保健服务的可及性是降低医疗保健成本和改善社区健康的关键因素。地理信息系统（GIS）具有评估医疗保健利用模式和社区层面属性的潜力，以确定最需要初级保健的地理区域。
使用 GIS、层次分析法和多属性评估和评价技术，检查描述初级保健需求的属性，并确定需要增加初级保健服务可及性的区域。属性是通过一个基于实践的研究网络中的合作伙伴关系确定的，该网络利用了社区参与式研究的原则。地图是根据社会经济地位、人口密度、保险状况以及急诊和初级保健服务利用情况创建的。
个体和综合地图确定了我们社区中最需要增加初级保健服务可及性的区域。
将 GIS 应用于常见的社区和患者层面的数据可以快速确定最需要增加初级保健服务可及性的区域。我们将其称为多属性初级保健定位策略。该模型可用于规划卫生服务的提供，以及针对和评估旨在改善医疗保健获取的干预措施。
