Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, Cancer Council Queensland, 553 Gregory Terrace, Fortitude Valley, Spring Hill, QLD 4006, Australia.
Br J Cancer. 2010 Feb 2;102(3):620-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605503. Epub 2010 Jan 5.
There are few population-based childhood cancer registries in the world containing stage and treatment data.
Data from the population-based Australian Paediatric Cancer Registry were used to calculate incidence rates during the most recent 10-year period (1997-2006) and trends in incidence between 1983 and 2006 for the 12 major diagnostic groups of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer.
In the period 1997-2006, there were 6184 childhood cancer (at 0-14 years) cases in Australia (157 cases per million children). The commonest cancers were leukaemia (34%), that of the central nervous system (23%) and lymphomas (10%), with incidence the highest at 0-4 years (223 cases per million). Trend analyses showed that incidence among boys for all cancers combined increased by 1.6% per year from 1983 to 1994 but have remained stable since. Incidence rates for girls consistently increased by 0.9% per year. Since 1983, there have been significant increases among boys and girls for leukaemia, and hepatic and germ-cell tumours, whereas for boys, incidence of neuroblastomas and malignant epithelial tumours has recently decreased. For all cancers and for both sexes combined, there was a consistent increase (+0.7% per year, 1983-2006) at age 0-4 years, a slight non-significant increase at 5-9 years, and at 10-14 years, an initial increase (2.7% per year, 1983-1996) followed by a slight non-significant decrease.
Although there is some evidence of a recent plateau in cancer incidence rates in Australia for boys and older children, interpretation is difficult without a better understanding of what underlies the changes reported.
世界上仅有少数几个包含疾病分期和治疗数据的基于人群的儿童癌症登记处。
利用基于人群的澳大利亚儿科癌症登记处的数据，计算了最近 10 年（1997-2006 年）的发病率，以及 1983 年至 2006 年期间 12 种主要国际儿童癌症分类诊断组的发病率趋势。
在 1997-2006 年期间，澳大利亚有 6184 例儿童癌症（0-14 岁）病例（每百万儿童中有 157 例）。最常见的癌症是白血病（34%）、中枢神经系统肿瘤（23%）和淋巴瘤（10%），发病率最高的是 0-4 岁（每百万儿童中有 223 例）。趋势分析显示，1983 年至 1994 年期间，所有癌症的男孩发病率每年增加 1.6%，但此后一直保持稳定。女孩的发病率则持续以每年 0.9%的速度递增。自 1983 年以来，男孩和女孩的白血病、肝和生殖细胞肿瘤的发病率均显著上升，而男孩的神经母细胞瘤和恶性上皮肿瘤的发病率最近有所下降。对于所有癌症和所有性别而言，0-4 岁年龄组的发病率持续增加（每年增加 0.7%，1983-2006 年），5-9 岁年龄组略有增加但无统计学意义，10-14 岁年龄组最初略有增加（每年增加 2.7%，1983-1996 年），随后略有下降但无统计学意义。
尽管澳大利亚男孩和大龄儿童的癌症发病率近期有趋于平稳的迹象，但如果不深入了解报告变化的原因，就很难对其进行解释。
