Mitra D, Shaw A K, Hutchings K
Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Chronic Dis Inj Can. 2012 Jun;32(3):131-9.
Cancer is the leading cause of disease-related death in children aged 1 to 14 years in Canada. Despite the importance to public health of childhood cancer, there have been few reports on Canadian trends published in the peer-reviewed literature. This study examines childhood cancer trends by age, sex, and province of residence using the most current cancer registration data.
Data from the population-based Canadian Cancer Registry were used to compute incidence trends in primary cancers diagnosed between 1992 and 2006 in children (0-14 years) for the 12 major diagnostic groups of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd Edition.
Between 1992 and 2006, incidence rates for all cancers remained stable, although trends varied by cancer type. We observed a significant decrease in retinoblastoma in boys for the entire period (-6.5% per year) and an increase in leukemia from 1992 to 1999 (+3.5% per year). In girls, there was a significant decrease in renal tumours from 1998 to 2006 (-5.7% per year) and an increase in hepatic tumours from 1997 to 2006 (+8.1% per year). Differences by age and province were also apparent. Some caution should be exercised when interpreting trends involving a small number of cases per year and those with wide 95% confidence intervals.
Our findings suggest an ongoing need for population-based surveillance and etiologic research.
在加拿大，癌症是1至14岁儿童与疾病相关死亡的主要原因。尽管儿童癌症对公众健康至关重要，但同行评审文献中关于加拿大癌症趋势的报道却很少。本研究利用最新的癌症登记数据，按年龄、性别和居住省份对儿童癌症趋势进行了研究。
基于人群的加拿大癌症登记处的数据被用于计算1992年至2006年间确诊的原发性癌症的发病率趋势，这些癌症发生在0至14岁儿童中，涉及《国际儿童癌症分类》第三版的12个主要诊断组。
1992年至2006年间，所有癌症的发病率保持稳定，尽管不同癌症类型的趋势有所不同。我们观察到，在整个时期内，男孩视网膜母细胞瘤的发病率显著下降（每年-6.5%），1992年至1999年白血病发病率上升（每年+3.5%）。在女孩中，1998年至2006年肾肿瘤发病率显著下降（每年-5.7%），1997年至2006年肝肿瘤发病率上升（每年+8.1%）。年龄和省份之间的差异也很明显。在解释每年病例数较少且95%置信区间较宽的趋势时应谨慎。
我们的研究结果表明，持续需要开展基于人群的监测和病因学研究。
